International Transaction Journal of Engineering,
Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

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• EVALUATION OF BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN THE EXPERIMENT

  Pustovalov Alexander *, Paschenko Vasily, Kuleshova Olga, Fatyanov Sergey, Morozov Alexander, Afanasyev Mikhail (Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostycheva, RUSSIA ).
  

  Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Biological Sciences, Medical Sciences, Biotechnology).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.61

  Keywords: Microwaves; Radiation; Hypoxia; Cations, Blood vessels, Blood, Heart, Erythrocytes, Viscosity, Bio-membranes; Gamma irradiation.

  Abstract
  The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the ways of identifying a number of biophysical quantities in the vessel wall-plasma-erythrocytes system in heart tissues under the action of microwave electromagnetic wave, γ-irradiation, with pressure chamber hypoxia. The level of magnesium, sodium, calcium and potassium ions in erythrocytes, blood plasma, various blood vessels, tissues and organs of animals was determined, and the activity of Na, K-ATPase of erythrocyte membranes, the amount of inter-wall potential difference of the vessel wall, erythrocytes charge and the viscosity of the suspension of erythrocytes were measured both under the action of the these factors in various modes of exposure, and the introduction of Heparin, Neodicumarinum, calcium antagonists Cardil and Phenihidin, Trental and Xantinol nicotinate. The general results of the experimental data and discussion of both characteristics and general changes in the recorded values with the corresponding conclusions are presented. The largest deviations of the detected values were found when γ-irradiation with a decrease in their concentrations in all evaluated tissues and in the blood with a decrease in hematocrit by two times.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04A




• FACTORS AFFECTING INTENTIONS TO USE CREDIT CARDS IN VIETNAM: AN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH BASED ON UTAUT

  Thu-Trang Thi Doan (Faculty of Finance and Banking, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City (IUH), VIETNAM )
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (Business Management and Banking).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.62

  Keywords: Payment with credit card; Performance expectancy; Social influence; Facilitating conditions; Effort expectancy; Transaction with credit cards.

  Abstract
  The paper examines factors that influence intentions to use credit cards in Vietnam. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the study develops a theoretical paradigm including four explanatory variables of intentions to use credit card services which are performance expectancy (PE), social influence (SI), effort expectancy (EE), and facilitating conditions (FC). The empirical results obtained a sample of 630 valid participants reveal the significant and concurrent impact of the four determinants. Specifically, performance expectancy and social influence exert the most significant impact on intentions of credit card use. We have confidence that the findings will provide banks with guidance in improving their services as well as developing their media and marketing strategies in order to highlight efficiency, ease of use, and convenience and popularity, thereby promoting the intention of credit card adoption.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04B




• RESPONSIBILITIES OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATES IN COMMON LAW

  Kamyab Najafi *(Private Law Program, Islamic Azad University of Sirjan Branch, IRAN ).
  

  Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Globalization, International Business, International Law).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.63

  Keywords: Civil responsibility; Damage and liability; Legal performance; Foreign investment; International corporate performance.

  Abstract
  The arrival of multinational corporates is one of the most significant symbols of economic globalization. The international business has evolved by the arrival of these corporates and has made new issues. Meanwhile, some groups complained about it and knew it destructive, and other groups talked about its positive effects on societies and denied its negative results. Multinational corporates are considered as a powerful political and economic societies all over the world. The most important mechanism to transfer technology in the recent decade has been establishing multinational corporates. It is tried in this research to describe the positive legal performance of these corporates in the host countries and their effect on the globalization process in particular, on the national security of countries, and state the conditions that the activities of the international corporate can be properly utilized. In other words, how to express the positive and negative performance of these corporates about their activities can be described. In this regard, two countries of Iran and Britain were described and each limit will be investigated in this research which themselves have proved some laws about the responsibility of the international corporates.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04C




• IMPACTS OF DYSFUNCTIONAL CAREER THOUGHTS ON ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: GENDER DIFFERENCES

  Kanwal Shahbaz (Psychology & Education Department, Foundation University, Rawalpindi Campus, PAKISTAN ),
  Faiza Rasul(Psychology & Education Department, Foundation University, Rawalpindi Campus, PAKISTAN ),
  Sadaf Ahsan(Psychology & Education Department, Foundation University, Rawalpindi Campus, PAKISTAN ),
  Sidra Azhar(Career Development Centre, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PAKISTAN ),
  Sana Gul, Rashna Rehman, Tahira(Psychology & Education Department, Foundation University, Rawalpindi Campus, PAKISTAN ).
  

  Disciplinary: Psychology & Education Sciences.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.64

  Keywords: University high achievers; Globalization; Multistage sampling; Career growth; Dysfunctional thinking; Cognitive Information Processing (CIP).

  Abstract
  The challenges of globalization, acclimatization and advancement in technology have raised the standards of work that affected the productivity of the students and resulted in dysfunctional career thoughts among university students, i.e. the future manufacture and production industry. This study investigated the impact of dysfunctional career thoughts on achievement motivation among university students. A total of 90 students from various courses participated in the research through a multistage sampling technique. The SPSS-XXIII analysis depicted that there is a significant negative correlation between dysfunctional career thoughts and achievement motivation. The linear regression showed that dysfunctional career thought as a predictor has explained 46% variance in achievement motivation among high achievers; dysfunctional career thoughts were found significantly high among males than females. The results provide empirical evidence to design strategies to improve the present and future career growth of the students by more focusing on achievement motivation and controlling the dysfunctional career thoughts among university students.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04D




• SECTARIANISM IN BALOCHISTAN: LASHKAR-E-JHANGVI VS HAZARA COMMUNITY

  Naumana Kiran *, Mohammad Iqbal Chawla, Samma Faiz Rasool (Department of History and Pakistan Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PAKISTAN ).
  

  Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Social Engineering, Peace and Conflict Studies, World Studies/History; Psychology).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.65

  Keywords: Sectarianism; Pakistan; Lashkar-e-Jhangvi; Hazara Shia; Migration; persecution; Sectarian violence; State's policy.

  Abstract
  The study examines the factors, responsible for the spread of sectarianism in Balochistan with a major concentration on the persecution of the Hazara community by a Deoband sectarian outfit; Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (LeJ). The research is mostly analytical and comparative; based on both qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The research finds that protection to sectarian organizations like LeJ by the military establishment and the State's indifference had intensified the issue. However, since the introduction of the National Action Plan (2014), some reasonable and effective measures have been taken for the safety of Hazaras. Still, a lot is required to be done to assimilate Hazaras in the society and to revive the culture of religious tolerance in Balochistan, Pakistan.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04E




• REVISITING DETERMINANTS OF INVESTMENT THROUGH G-TO-S APPROACH FOR ASIAN COUNTRIES

  Mudassar Rashid *, Usman Shakoor (Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad, PAKISTAN )
  

  Disciplinary: Economics Sciences (Investment).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.66

  Keywords: Autometrics modeling technique; General to Specific (G2S); Random coefficient model; Investment accelerator effect; Economic Growth; Domestic Investment; Attract investment; Investment reforms.

  Abstract
  Investment is one of the key components of an economy and any significant variations in it have persistent effects on the economy. This paper empirically finds the determinants of growth in domestic investment in Asian countries over the period 1987-2017. The main objective of this research is to find the impact of various variables like Capital investment, Domestic savings, Gross domestic product per capita, Trade, Government expenditure, inflation, lending rates and privatization on investment in selected Asian countries. The study used the Autometrics for analysis, which is the third-generation modeling technique and is the latest variant of general to a specific approach, and to identify the indicators in explaining the investment of sample countries. The result shows that Domestic savings, Gross domestic product per capita, Government expenditures have a positive impact and significant effect on domestic investment. The study clearly emphasizes the role of these policy variables in attracting investment and determining its growth and highlights a positive and significant impact of reforms on investment in selected countries.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04F




• A SPOTLIGHT ON RUSSIAN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

  Elena V. Frolova *, Elena E. Kabanova, Olga V. Rogach, Ekaterina A. Vetrova, Tatyana M. Ryabova (Department of Management and Administration, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russian Federation. )
  

  Disciplinary: Tourism Management.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.67

  Keywords: Tourist attraction; Tourist infrastructure; Tourism potential; Practice-oriented training; Hospitality; After-sales service.

  Abstract
  The presence of competitive, highly qualified personnel in the hospitality sector determines the success of the tourism industry. The quality of interaction between the tourist and the service staff, attention to the individual needs of a client, friendliness, and general atmosphere of hospitality forms the tourist's attitudes to a return visit, the development of the tourist attractiveness of the territory. The empirical base is represented by the questionnaires survey results of local authority heads of the Russian Federation. The study results showed that the lack of qualified personnel significantly limits the development of domestic tourism in Russia. The improvement of the industry staffing includes several areas: personnel training for service and tourism enterprises, as well as improving the skills of municipal employees on the development of tourist attractiveness for some territory. Training in tourism and hospitality should include such aspects as the research methods of expectations, interests and customer satisfaction by services; the development of strategic projects and programs that take into account the differentiated needs of both high-income and low-budget social groups; the specifics of cooperation, organizational interaction with key partners in order to meet customer need comprehensively; quality management of tourism services; hospitality innovation; promotion of tourism products and services; information technologies in hospitality.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04G




• COMPETENCY AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT OF SAUDI ARABIAN FOOD & DRINK PRODUCTS IN SAUDI ARABIA OF MIDDLE EAST REGION

  Ajay Singh * (College of Business Administration, University of Hail, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA ).
  

  Disciplinary: Business Management (Marketing).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.68

  Keywords: Food products; Drink products; Energy Drinks; Customer satisfaction; Saudi Arabia; Gulf region; Health conscious products.

  Abstract
  This paper investigates and measures the competency and performance of food & drink products of various organizations of Saudi Arabia in the Middle East region. The study primarily uses organizations, past data and records, and, secondly, customer satisfaction surveys by applying a structured questionnaire. The areas of the research focus on a variety of food & drink products, customer satisfaction, Industry resources, and socio-economic impact on the country. The key findings of the study focus on the determination of distinguishing performances and customers' expectations. Measuring the performance of these products emphasize immediate and meaningful outcomes from the Industry and customer's preferences and expectations. The competency & performance of the food & drink products have evaluated with defined satisfaction criteria that show the opinion of the people about these varieties of products of Saudi Arabian companies. This study finds that customers are happy with the products. However, producers must further enhance product quality to meet and compete with new products entering the market.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04H




• DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM ASEAN COUNTRIES

  Toan Ngoc Bui * (Faculty of Finance and Banking, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City (IUH), VIETNAM ).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (Financial Management).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.69

  Keywords: Domestic credit; Economic growth; Inflation; Government expenditure; GMM; ASEAN macroeconomics.

  Abstract
  This article examines the determinants of financial development in ASEAN countries. In particular, financial development (FD) is measured through domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP). The study data was collected from the World Bank during 2004-2017. Using the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), this article has found the first empirical evidence on the determinants of financial development in ASEAN countries. In particular, FD is negatively affected by economic growth (EG) and in?ation (INF). Not only that, but FD is also positively affected by financial development with one-period lag (FDt-1). The results of this study are important for ASEAN countries. Indeed, based on the study results, ASEAN countries will have a reliable basis for operating macroeconomics associated with financial development more effectively and sustainably.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04I




• COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL AND SOFT COMPUTING MODELS FOR TRADING SIGNALS PREDICTION

  Beenish Bashir, Faheem Aslam * (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN ).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (Financial Science).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.70

  Keywords: Moving averages; Autoregressive models; Artificial neural network; Support vector machine; Financial marketing; Extreme learning machine.

  Abstract
  Financial market forecasting always remains a challenging issue due to the nature of the time series data as well the information stock prices reflect. Economist takes this data as a linear process whereas the soft computing models assume that time-series data is nonlinear, complex and dynamic in nature and can be better analyzed through nonlinear models. This research paper settles the debate by conducting a comparative analysis of traditional forecasting models and soft computing models for the trading signals prediction of Pakistan stock exchange covering the daily data from 1997 to 2018. Our study is unique regarding the target variable it predicts which reflects the overall dynamics of the market not just the next period future price. In traditional models, we include moving averages as well as autoregressive models whereas in soft computing models we take artificial neural networks, support vector machines and extreme learning machines to have a comprehensive analysis. This comparison shows that soft computing models perform better than traditional models in trading signals prediction showing non-linear behavior of financial time series data. However, amongst all soft computing models, the artificial neural network becomes the best predictive model. Our results are more convincing as compare to existing literature regarding the careful selection of market features, which can help investors to better understand market behavior and improve the predictive ability of the model.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04J




• DILEMMAS OF LEAN PRODUCTION IN RUSSIA

  Shutov V. A., Rachkov V.S. *, Mikheev S.V., Miskov D.V., Nazarenko M.A., Cheremukhina Y.Y., Novikov A.S. (Department of Quality Management and Certification, MIREA-Russian Technological University, RUSSIA )
  

  Disciplinary: Production Sciences (Lean Production & Technology).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.71

  Keywords: Russian lean production; Production enterprise; Production management; Quality control; Employees Supports.

  Abstract
  This article describes the problems in introducing Lean Production (LP) in Russian production. Based on the introduction of individual lean production tools, conclusions were drawn and solutions to this problem were proposed. The article is devoted to the general problems of LP and possible measures to achieve the best results of the production processes of enterprises.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04K




• AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE BUYING BEHAVIORS OF PAKISTANI CONSUMERS TOWARD CHINESE PRODUCTS

  Hashim Ali * (School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800, Ming Hang Dong Chuan Rd. 200240, Shanghai, CHINA ),
  Abdul Majeed Khan (School of Education, University of Mianwali, PAKISTAN ),
  Benqian Li (School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800, Ming Hang Dong Chuan Rd. 200240, Shanghai, CHINA ),
  Mehnaz (School of Economics and Management, Universities of Science and Technology Beijing, CHINA ),
  Arman Khan (School of Business Administration, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Nawabshah, PAKISTAN ),
  Muham (Schools of International Relations and Public Affairs, Shanghai International Studies University, CHINA ).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (International Marketing).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.72

  Keywords: Product quality; Product price; Product brand; Product promotion; Sustainable consumer buying behavior.

  Abstract
  The increasing popularity and development of Chinese products have been the prime interest of social sciences researchers. Additionally, a modest representation of Chinese products composed equality of outcomes has elevated the issue to understand why Pakistani consumers purchase Chinese products and what do consumers consider before buying. Therefore, this study investigates the gap in the perception of consumers of buying Chinese products in Pakistan. The contemporary investigation has been improved for how Pakistani consumers recognize Chinese products while making buying decisions. The tools of diverse opinions can positively affect their buying decisions. This paper contributes to different issues on sustainable CBB towards Chinese products. This study works in a range of approaches such as field experiments, surveys, scale improvement, and provisional assessment. Additionally, this study offers useful understandings about consumers’ perception and consumption of different products that are unknown to their culture relatedness. The investigation suggests that Pakistani consumers are aware of the estimated price and quality of Chinese products. Hence, salespeople of Chinese products in Pakistan must be alert about quality, price, and knowledge about the improvement of products they are posing in the marketplace. Numerous significant results have been found in this study.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04L




• TEACHERS' BELIEF TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ICT IN INTERMEDIATE SCHOOLS IN SAUDI ARABIA

  Jaber Almarri *, Rabiatul Adawiah Ahmad Rashid (School of Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA ),
  Saleh Aljohani (Ministry of Education, SAUDI ARABIA ).
  

  Disciplinary: Education Sciences (College Education), Information Technology (Elearning).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.73

  Keywords: ICT implementation; ICT classroom; Technology-based teaching; ICT school; ICT integrated learning.

  Abstract
  This mixed-method study sought to investigate the Arabic language teachers' belief toward the implementation of ICT in intermediate schools in Dammam city based on three variables: qualification certification, years of experience, and digital type of ICT users. Two instruments have been used for this study including questionnaire and a semi-structured interview protocol. For the quantitative approach based on given criteria, 160 respondents were selected randomly and quantitative data were analyzed descriptively. For the qualitative approach, 6 respondents were selected purposively, analyzed with a thematic analysis approach. The results show that teachers in Saudi Arabia do have positive beliefs regarding the implementation of ICT. Findings also indicate that teachers, especially from digital immigrants need guidance in implementing ICT. Thus, it is necessary to provide more training on the use of ICT to digital immigrant teachers who mostly are senior teachers.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04M




• MEASURING J-CURVE EFFECT USING EXCHANGE RATE INSTABILITY AND TRADE IMBALANCES: A QUANTITATIVE 3SLS APPROACH

  

  Fahim Afzal *, Pan Haiying (Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210029, PR. CHINA ),
  Farman Afzal, Imran Ahmed Shah (School of Management and Economics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, CHINA ).
  

  Disciplinary: Management and Economics.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.74

  Keywords: J-curve theory; 3SLS technique; GARCH; Import and Export; Exchange rate instability; Trade-balance; Least-squares.

  Abstract
  The exchange rate (ER) instability is an important factor in determining the trade-balance (Tb) of a country. Fluctuations in ER do affect the confidence level of shareholders, traders, and investors (stockbrokers and individual buyers) in the economy; if their confidence is shattered, then it will ultimately slow the trade process. The effect of ER instability on the Tb has been analyzed in this study that implies the impact of J-curve in Pakistan during the time of the 9/11 issue. This study is entirely quantitative considering the basic time-series of data consisting of the following variables; ER volatility, growth instability, export instability, agriculture and manufacturing instability, and trade instability. The instability values of imports, exports, ER, Tb, agriculture, and manufacturing variables have been calculated by using the variance obtained from generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH). It has been found that for a short period, the impact of ER instability on exports is significantly positive with the coefficient of 0.2, but the negative impact of ER instability on imports is -0.2, respectively. Moreover, the relationship between the ER and terms of trade is significant, with a slightly negative coefficient of -0.13. Importantly, this study concludes that the J-curve effect does not work effectively due to different geostrategic problems in a region.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04N




• ROLES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN DETERMINING WORKPLACE ADVICE NETWORK CENTRALITY: BETWEENNESS AND CORENESS

  

  Nadeem Uz Zaman (Institute of Management Sciences, Baluchistan University of IT, E&MS, Quetta, PAKISTAN ),
  Zainab Bibi *, Jahanvash Karim (Institute of Management Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta, PAKISTAN ),
  Siraj Ud Din (Department of Management Sciences, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PAKISTAN ).
  

  Disciplinary: International Economics and Political Sciences (International Relations/International Cooperations/Geopolitics, International Economic Policy).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.75

  Keywords: Emotional quotient; Self-emotional appraisal; Workplace Advice Network (WAN) Centrality; Service Sector Organizations; Sociometric matrix; Interconnectivity of nodes.

  Abstract
  Roles of emotional intelligence (EI) are explored in determining the centrality of actors in a workplace advice network (WAN) using two measures: betweenness and coreness. Data were collected from 329 respondents in 15 different service-sector organizations using a self-administered questionnaire with three sections: demographic, socio-metric and Wong and Law's (2002) scale for EI (WLEIS). The data validity and reliability were tested through factor analyses and Cronbach’s alpha. Results indicated that EI significantly determined both betweenness and coreness centrality of actors in WAN. The analyses of the individual branches of EI including self-emotional appraisal (SEA), others' emotional appraisal (OEA), use of emotions (UOE) and the regulation (ROE) further disclosed that EI defined the structural centrality more than the operational or functional one in WANs. Furthermore, the social aspect of EI, as proposed by Goleman (1995), was more effective in influencing the WAN centrality than the personal intellect.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04O




• SEEKING IDENTITY IN COLLEGE TOWNS THROUGH PUBLIC SPACES: AN AMERICAN EXPERIENCE

  

  Hu, Xiao * (Architecture Program, College of Art & Architecture, University of Idaho, USA )
  

  Disciplinary: Architecture and Town Planning.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.76

  Keywords: College town landscape; College town character; Campus community; Urban identity; College town space; Sense of a place; Public Space; University gardens; Cultural identity; Campus identity; Businesses in college towns.

  Abstract
  Hundreds of USA college towns present a unique type of urban place and different from other cities and towns where the college towns are located. They share many common characters, such as their youthful populations, highly educated workforces, the relative absence of heavy industry, with cultural opportunities more typical of large cities. In addition, the attributes of the institutions located in college towns and the residents breed unusual landscapes and architectural landmarks - the university campus, fraternity rows, the college-oriented shopping districts, and student-oriented housings. In a college town, a higher education institution creates a dominant influence over the characters of the community and mainly contributes to the formation of the town's culture and identity. General urban spaces in college towns are highly used for social interactions and often considered an extension of a university campus. The college town experience has contributed to the town's urban identity formation and played an important role in shaping many citizens' personalities and worldviews. However, limited studies of college towns have been conducted to investigate the unique urban space of college towns. This paper examines the qualities of public spaces in two college towns in the Northwest region of the US: Pullman WA, and Moscow, ID, where the main campus of Washington State University and the University of Idaho is located respectively and investigates how they contribute to the shape of local identity. Employing field observations and interviews, this study focuses on the edges between the university campus and the town center and observes how the urban experience of using these edges supports social interaction and shapes people's unique sense of a place. This study reveals a unique urban pattern of spatial performance and its relationship to people's spatial experience and interpretation. Also, this study suggests the qualities of designing public spaces to promote the sense of place and tactile reality.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04P




• EFFECTS OF E-CRM ON THE SERVICE ATTRIBUTES AND QUALITY OF CUSTOMER-BANK RELATIONSHIP

  

  Mohammad Amin Abdi *, Mohammad Reza Hamidizadeh, Manizheh Gharache (Faculty of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, IRAN ).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (Banking Management).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.77

  Keywords: Service Attributes; Relationship quality; Relationship outcomes; Banking services; Electronic Customer Relationship Management; Virtual relationships; eBanking; eCRM.

  Abstract
  This paper investigates the effect of electronic Customer Relationship Management (e-CRM) on the service attributes and quality of customer-bank relationships, for a study case of Maskan Bank Branches in Tehran. This is applied research in terms of objective and it is descriptive and quantitative in terms of data nature. The statistical population of this research includes the customers who use the Maskan Bank electronic communication service in Tehran city. According to results, the implementation of e-CRM affects the services attributes and quality as well as the outcomes of Customer Relationship with bank Maskan. In addition, the e-CRM implementation also has an indirect effect on relationships quality and outcomes through customer-based service attributes. This study find that the education and communication duration with bank as an intervening variable affects each of the e-CRM variables, the quality and outcomes of customer-bank relationships.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04Q




• A STUDY ON PEDESTRIAN LIGHT SIGNALS IN THAILAND

  

  Vorada Thiangpungtham, Winai Raksuntorn *, Boonsap Witchayangkoon (Department of Civil Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, THAILAND ),
  Nareenart Raksuntorn (Faculty of Industrial Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, THAILAND ),
  Songrit Chayanan (Bureau of Highway Safety, Department of Highways, Ministry of Transportation, Royal Thai Government, THAILAND ).
  

  Disciplinary: Civil Engineering (Traffic Engineering).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.78

  Keywords:Pedestrian start-up time; Street crosswalk, Pedestrian traffic signals; Pedestrians traffic lights; zebra crossings; Intersection crossings.

  Abstract
  This study focuses on observing the pedestrian traffic lights at two road crossings and three junction crossings located in Bangkok, Thailand. The data has been collected for traffic light phases and pedestrian light phases. All are pedestrian two-way crossings. Each crossing width is measured. The minimum green signal lengths are computed using the crossing width information. These are compared with the actual green signal lengths for all crossings. The study finds that actual green signal lengths are not enough. The warning remaining time for pedestrians to cross is not enough that pedestrians needs to run to get through causing unsafe conditions. Pedestrians also do not understand the pedestrians'™ rule of law that they should stop when warning of pedestrian traffic light showing as flashing. The minimum pedestrians'™ green interval lengths should be considered with pedestrians'™ startup lost time and crossing width.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04R




• IMPACTS OF URBANIZATION AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE IN PAKISTAN

  

  Hamid Ali, Arshad Mahmood Malik *(Department of Economics & Agri. Economics, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PAKISTAN ),
  Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique (Department of Business and Commerce, GIFT University, Gujranwala, PAKISTAN ),
  Muhammad Rizwan (School of Economics and Management, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, P. R. CHINA ).
  

  Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Earth and Environmental Sciences (Climate Change), Economic Science, Energy Science, Sustainability and BioScience (Carbon Emissions), Urbanization, Migration, and Mobility Studies).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.79

  Keywords: Carbon (CO₂) emissions; Economic Growth; Energy consumption; Trade; ARDL Approach; Granger Causality; Energy use.

  Abstract
  Internal migration from rural to urban areas has been observed for a couple of years, which creates environmental issues. The aim is to scan the influence of urbanization, energy use and economic growth on climate change of Pakistan for 1980-2015, using ARDL and granger causality test. The findings show the long-run relationship between urbanization, economic growth, energy, and climate change. In the long run, energy use and urbanization are increasing carbon and affecting climate. The short-run results of the causality test indicate unidirectional causality from urbanization to economic growth, to climate change, and to energy consumption. The findings also suggest the one-directional causation from growth to CO₂ emissions and energy. In the long run, causality shows unidirectional causality from urbanization and economic growth to capital, trade energy consumption and to CO₂. The bidirectional causality also exits between energy consumption and climate change.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04S




• DYNAMICS OF OVERCONFIDENCE AMONG STOCK MARKET INVESTORS IN PAKISTAN

  Muhammad Haroon Rasheed, Faid Gul(Department of Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, PAKISTAN ),
  Muhammad Waqar Akhtar (School of Management, Universite Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, FRANCE ),
  Sanaullah Tariq * (Department of Management Sciences, Iqra University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN ).
  

  Disciplinary: Management & Economic Sciences (Finance).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.80

  Keywords: Behavioral finance; Personality traits; Behavioral factors; Overconfidence bias; Locus of control; Decision-making; Biased behavior.

  Abstract
  In behavioral finance, the prime focus is on psychological determinants of an individual's decision making. Factors including personality traits and behavioral biases helped answering where the traditional rational paradigm of finance failed to explain, this study extend this avenue by identifying the influence of overconfidence and how its effects varies among personalities by considering the moderating impact of locus of control. The study is quantitative and data collection is done using a survey questionnaire from investors operating in Islamabad Pakistan. The results indicated that there exists significant relationship of overconfidence with investor's decisions and this relation is being significantly moderated by locus of control indicating the possibility of predictability of biased behavior from individual's personality. These findings are helpful for understanding the real life financial behavior and are significant for investors, managers and brokers in identifying and overcoming irrational exuberance and is useful for policy makers in policy making.
  
  Paper ID: 11A04T











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Vol.11(2)(2020)
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