International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

Archives

TuEngr+Logo
:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

http://TuEngr.com


ISSN 2228-9860
eISSN 1906-9642
CODEN: ITJEA8


FEATURE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE

Vol.13(13)(2022)

  • Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite From Biogenic Waste as Calcium Precursor Using Solid-State Reaction Method

    Natasha Ahmad Nawawi, Wan Nur Aina Nadia Wan Hamad (School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA),
    Ramesh Singh (Centre of Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA),
    (Mechanical Engineering Program Area, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, BRUNEI),
    Le Thi Bang (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, VIETNAM),
    Mardziah Che Murad, Nik Rozlin Nik Masdek (School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA).

    Discipline: Material Science.

    ➤ FullText

    doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2022.266

    Keywords:Calcium phosphate; Eggshell; Natural precursor; Magnetic Stirring; Heat Treatment

    Abstract
    Eggshells are one of the easily available organic wastes that can be used as calcium precursors in producing calcium phosphate. It has been converted to various forms such as calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium nitrate and calcium chloride but limited research has been reported on the potential of eggshell-derived calcium precursor in the form of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Hence, in this study, CaCO3 from eggshell as a calcium precursor was mixed with dicalcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) to synthesize a homogeneous composition of pure hydroxyapatite (HA) powder from eggshell waste via a solid-state reaction method. The mixing process was carried out for homogenization via magnetic stirring technique for 4 hours, whilst structural transition took place during heat treatment at 800°C for 5 hours. XRD results confirmed that highly crystalline eggshell-HA has been successfully synthesized with an average crystallite size of 26.35 ± 0.1 nm which is comparable to the average particle size of 0.62 ± 0.02 µm confirmed by FESEM. EDX analysis validated the elemental composition of the Ca/P ratio obtained as 1.76, which shows a close resemblance to the Ca/P ratio of 1.67 for pure HA. These findings have indirectly contributed to cost reduction in materials processing and promote the recovery of biowaste.

    Paper ID: 13A13N

    Cite this article:

    Natasha, A.N., Wan Nur Aina Nadia, W.H., Ramesh, S., Bang, L.T., Mardziah, C.M. and Nik Masdek, N.R. (2022). Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite From Biogenic Waste as Calcium Precursor Using Solid-State Reaction Method. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 13(13), 13A13N, 1-10. http://TUENGR.COM/V13/13A13N.pdf DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2022.266

References

  1. Abdulrahman, I., Tijani, H. I., Mohammed, B. A., Saidu, H., Yusuf, H., Jibrin, M. N., & Mohammed, S. (2014). From garbage to biomaterials: An overview on eggshell based hydroxyapatite. J. Mater, 2014, 802467.
  2. Ahmed, S., & Ahsan, M. (2008). Synthesis of Ca-hydroxyapatite bioceramic from eggshell and its characterization. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 43 (4), 501-512.
  3. Chen, P. Y., Wang, S. F., Chien, R. R., Tu, C. S., Feng, K. C., Chen, C. S., ... & Schmidt, V. H. (2019). Evolution of the microstructural and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite bioceramics with varying sintering temperature. Ceramics International, 45 (13), 16226-16233.
  4. Du, M., Chen, J., Liu, K., Xing, H., & Song, C. (2021). Recent advances in biomedical engineering of nano-hydroxyapatite including dentistry, cancer treatment and bone repair. Composites Part B: Engineering, 215, 108790.
  5. Ebrahimi, S., Stephen Sipaut@ Mohd Nasri, C., & Bin Arshad, S. E. (2021). Hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite powders using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Plos one, 16 (5), e0251009.
  6. Eliaz, N., & Metoki, N. (2017). Calcium phosphate bioceramics: A review of their history, structure, properties, coating technologies and biomedical applications. Materials, 10 (4), 334.
  7. Fiume, E., Magnaterra, G., Rahdar, A., Verne, E., & Baino, F. (2021). Hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications: A short overview. Ceramics, 4 (4), 542-563.
  8. Goh, K. W., Wong, Y. H., Ramesh, S., Chandran, H., Krishnasamy, S., Sidhu, A., & Teng, W. D. (2021). Effect of pH on the properties of eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite bioceramic synthesized by wet chemical method assisted by microwave irradiation. Ceramics International, 47 (7), 8879-8887.
  9. Hamidi, A. A., Salimi, M. N., & Yusoff, A. H. M. (2017, April). Synthesis and characterization of eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite via mechanochemical method: A comparative study. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1835, No. 1, p. 020045). AIP Publishing LLC.
  10. Ingole, V. H., Ghule, S. S., Vuherer, T., Kokol, V., & Ghule, A. V. (2021). Mechanical Properties of Differently Nanostructured and High-Pressure Compressed Hydroxyapatite-Based Materials for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Minerals, 11 (12), 1390.
  11. Kamalanathan, P., Ramesh, S., Bang, L. T., Niakan, A., Tan, C. Y., Purbolaksono, J., ... & Teng, W. D. (2014). Synthesis and sintering of hydroxyapatite derived from eggshells as a calcium precursor. Ceramics International, 40 (10), 16349-16359.
  12. Khalid, M., Jikan, S. S. B., Adzila, S., Murni, Z., Azam, N., Badarulzaman, R. R., & Hameed, M. U. (2022). Synthesis and Characterizations of Hydroxyapatite using Precursor Extracted from Chicken Egg Shell Waste. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 12(4), 5663-5671.
  13. Mohammadi, M., Tulliani, J. M., Montanaro, L., & Palmero, P. (2021). Gelcasting and sintering of hydroxyapatite materials: Effect of particle size and Ca/P ratio on microstructural, mechanical and biological properties. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 41 (14), 7301-7310.
  14. Natasha, A. N., Ramesh, S., Bang, L. T., & Koay, M. H. (2022). Influence of calcination temperature in synthesizing eggshell-derived calcium phosphate. Materials Today: Proceedings, 48, 1915-1919.
  15. Pu'ad, N. M., Alipal, J., Abdullah, H. Z., Idris, M. I., & Lee, T. C. (2021). Synthesis of eggshell derived hydroxyapatite via chemical precipitation and calcination method. Materials Today: Proceedings, 42, 172-177.
  16. Pu'ad, N. M., Haq, R. A., Noh, H. M., Abdullah, H. Z., Idris, M. I., & Lee, T. C. (2020). Synthesis method of hydroxyapatite: A review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 29, 233-239.
  17. Puspitasari, P., Iftiharsa, M. A., Zharifah, H. F. N., & Gayatri, R. W. (2021). Analysis of physical properties and compressibility of avian eggshell nanopowders in solid state reaction. EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, (5), 110-120.
  18. Ramesh, S., Natasha, A. N., Tan, C. Y., Bang, L. T., Ching, C. Y., & Chandran, H. (2016). Direct conversion of eggshell to hydroxyapatite ceramic by a sintering method. Ceramics International, 42 (6), 7824-7829.
  19. Razak, A., Isa, N. M., & Adzila, S. (2021). Synthesis of Calcium Phosphate Extracted from Eggshell Waste through Precipitation Method. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 11(6), 15058-15067.
  20. Sadat-Shojai, M., Khorasani, M. T., Dinpanah-Khoshdargi, E., & Jamshidi, A. (2013). Synthesis methods for nanosized hydroxyapatite with diverse structures. Acta Biomaterialia, 9 (8), 7591-7621.
  21. Wu, S. C., Hsu, H. C., Hsu, S. K., Chang, Y. C., & Ho, W. F. (2015). Effects of heat treatment on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite from eggshell powders. Ceramics International, 41 (9), 10718-10724.


Other issues:
Vol.13(12)(2022)
Vol.13(11)(2022)
Vol.13(10)(2022)
Archives




Call-for-Papers

Call-for-Scientific Papers
Call-for-Research Papers: ITJEMAST invites you to submit high quality papers for full peer-review and possible publication in areas pertaining engineering, science, management and technology, especially interdisciplinary/cross-disciplinary/multidisciplinary subjects.

To publish your work in the next available issue, your manuscripts together with copyright transfer document signed by all authors can be submitted via email to Editor @ TuEngr.com (please see all detail from Instructions for Authors)



Publication and peer-reviewed process:
After the peer-review process, articles will be on-line published in the available next issue. However, the International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies cannot guarantee the exact publication time as the process may take longer time, subject to peer-review approval and adjustment of the submitted articles.

Disclaimer statement


©2022 All Rights Reserved.