International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

Archives

TuEngr+Logo
:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

http://TuEngr.com


ISSN 2228-9860
eISSN 1906-9642
CODEN: ITJEA8


FEATURE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE

Vol.12(1) (2021)

  • An Overview on STEM Education in Pakistan: Situation and Challenges

    Ali Usman Hali, Sarfraz Aslam, BaoHui Zhang (School of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199, South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, CHINA),
    Atif Saleem (College of Education and Human Development, College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, CHINA).

    Disciplinary: Education Science & Technology, Human Development.

    ➤ FullText

    doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2021.20

    Keywords: Teaching science, Teaching technology, Teaching engineering, Mathematics, K-12, Empowerment, Curriculum.

    Abstract
    With the rapid development of the global economy and science and technology, STEM education has become an important strategy and approach for the cultivation of scientific and technological innovation talents and the reform of education and teaching in various countries worldwide. This study provides an overview of previous STEM education research studies carried out in Pakistan to clarify the current condition in STEM education in Pakistan. A qualitative research method was used to conduct this study, and 13 previous studies were selected (2008-2020) as the sample. Results indicate that STEM education practices by private sectors are visible more than the public sector. Moreover, it was found that there is a lack of laboratories, equipment, and other resources needed to teach STEM education. In essence, Pakistan's STEM education system is not adequately prepared and centered. There is an exclusive involvement needed by the government to support the efforts of all stakeholders, including the public and private. This study provides some suggestions for future research. Researchers need to design such a function that allows stakeholders to acquire necessary competencies relevant to STEM disciplines. Pakistan will have to overcome many challenges to achieve its goals before producing the STEM experts it needs effectively.

    Paper ID: 12A1T

    Cite this article:

    Hali, A. U., Aslam, S., Zhang, B.H., Saleem, A. (2021). An Overview on STEM Education in Pakistan: Situation and Challenges. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12(1), 12A1T, 1-9. http://doi.org/10.14456/ITJEMAST.2021.20



References

  1. Wang, H.-H. A New Era of Science Education: Science Teachers' Perceptionsand Classroom Practices of Science, Technology, Engineering,and Mathematics (STEM) Integration. 2012, 316.
  2. Mujtaba, T.; Reiss, M.J. The Millennium Development Goals Agenda: Constraints of Culture, Economy, and Empowerment in Influencing the Social Mobility of Pakistani Girls on Mathematics and Science Related Higher Education Courses in Universities in Pakistan. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education. 2015, 15, 51-68, DOI: 10.1080/14926156.2014.992556.
  3. Greene, J.C.; DeStefano, L.; Burgon, H.; Hall, J. An educative, values-engaged approach to evaluating STEM educational programs. New Directions for Evaluation. 2006, 53-71, doi:10.1002/ev.178.
  4. Awan, R.-N.; Sarwar, M.; Mehdi, M.; Noureen, G.; Anwar, N. Interests and Recruitment in Science: Factors Influencing Recruitment and Retention in STEM Education at University Level in Pakistan. 2017, 25.
  5. CIS, A. Step: STEM Education. http://stem.edu.pk/home/step (accessed May 2020).
  6. Abbas, Q., Foreman-Peck, J. The Mincer Human Capital Model in Pakistan: Implications for Education Policy. South Asia Economic Journal. 2008, 9, 435-462, DOI: 10.1177/139156140800900209.
  7. TheNews, PK. STEM schools to be established in Pakistan: Fawad Chaudhry, 2019.
  8. Iteach, P. Board. http://www.iteachforpakistan.org/board (accessed Nov 2020).
  9. STEM. Visions. STEM Visions: Pakistan STEM Education. http://stemvisions.pk/stem-visions-Pakistan_STEM_Education.html.
  10. UNESCO, U. UNESCO Office Jakarta: annual report, 2010 - UNESCO Digital Library. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000192108 (accessed Jul 2020).
  11. Hali, A.U.; Zhang, B.; Al-Qadri, A.H.; Bakar, M.A. An Overview of Science Teacher Education in Pakistan. Journal of Organizational Behavior Research, 2020, 5, 67-74.
  12. Qadir, J.; Suleman, M. Teaching ethics,(Islamic) values and technology: Musings on course design and experience. In Proceedings of the 2018 7th International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE); IEEE, 2018; pp. 486-491.
  13. Nabeel, M.; Latifee, H.O.; Naqi, O.; Aqeel, K.; Arshad, M.; Khurram, M. Robotics education methodology for K-12 students for enhancing skill sets prior to entering university. In Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO); IEEE, 2017; pp. 1702-1707.
  14. Waseem, K.; Kazmi, H.A.; Qureshi, O.H. Innovation in Education-Inclusion of 3D-Printing Technology in Modern Education System of Pakistan: Case from Pakistani Educational Institutes. Journal of Education and Practice, 2017, 8, 22-28.
  15. Awan, R.-N.; Sarwar, M.; Mehdi, M.; Noureen, G.; Anwar, N. Interests and Recruitment in Science: Factors Influencing Recruitment and Retention in STEM Education at University Level in Pakistan. Bulletin of Education and Research, 2017, 39, 19-43.
  16. Anwar, T. Design-based online teacher professional development to introduce integration of STEM in Pakistan. 2017.
  17. Fayyaz, F. Work in progress: Shuffled Licht's model of learning for teaching mathematics intensive concepts to undergraduate engineering students. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC); IEEE, 2016; pp. 193-196.
  18. Malik, N.A. Challenges to High School STEM Education in Pakistan. Syst. Res 2017, 34, 307-309, DOI: 10.1002/sres.2413.
  19. Imaad, S.M.; Wajid, B.; Chaudhary, I.U.; Sarwar, A. stem5: An initiative shaping the STEM narrative in Pakistan. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC), IEEE: Princeton, NJ, USA, 2016; pp. 156-161.
  20. Jessani, S.I. Science Education: Issues, Approaches and Challenges. JoEED 2015, 2, 79, DOI: 10.22555/joeed.v2i1.51.
  21. Sajid, A.R. ICTs in learning: Problems faced by Pakistan. 2013, 13.
  22. Halai, N. Curriculum reform in science education in Pakistan. 2008.
  23. Mahboob, A. English medium instruction in higher education in Pakistan: Policies, perceptions, problems, and possibilities. 2017.
  24. Waseem, K.; Kazmi, D.H.A.; Qureshi, O.H. Innovation in Education - Inclusion of 3D-Printing Technology in Modern Education System of Pakistan: Case from Pakistani Educational Institutes. Journal of Education and Practices. 2017, 7.
  25. Siddiqui, N.; Gorard, S. Comparing government and private schools in Pakistan: The way forward for universal education. International Journal of Education Research. 2017, 82, 159-169.



Other issues:
Vol.11(16)(2021)
Vol.11(15)(2020)
Vol.11(14)(2020)
Vol.11(13)(2020)
Vol.11(12)(2020)
Vol.11(11)(2020)
Vol.11(10)(2020)
Archives




Call-for-Papers

Call-for-Scientific Papers
Call-for-Research Papers: ITJEMAST invites you to submit high quality papers for full peer-review and possible publication in areas pertaining engineering, science, management and technology, especially interdisciplinary/cross-disciplinary/multidisciplinary subjects.

To publish your work in the next available issue, your manuscripts together with copyright transfer document signed by all authors can be submitted via email to Editor @ TuEngr.com (no space between). (please see all detail from Instructions for Authors)


Publication and peer-reviewed process:
After the peer-review process (4-10 weeks), articles will be on-line published in the available next issue. However, the International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies cannot guarantee the exact publication time as the process may take longer time, subject to peer-review approval and adjustment of the submitted articles.

Disclaimer: All products names including trademarksTM or registered® trademarks as well as intellectual properties mentioned in ITJEMAST's articles are the property of their respective owners, using for identification and educational purposes only. Use of them does not imply any endorsement or affiliation. Information publisihed in ITJEMAST, reflected only personal view of the authors, is very fact specific with particular assumptions and thus may not apply to any specific situations. Specific advices should sought from professionals in the fields. Under no circumstances shall its Editors, Editorial Board members, and the authors be liable for any direct or indirect, incidental or consequential losses or damages that result from the uses of or the reliances upon the ITJEMAST published information.

©2021 All Rights Reserved.