Sunil Kumar Sharma*, S. V. Tirumalai, and Ali A. Alhamdan (College of Computer and Information Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA)
At present, most of the Universities concentrates on assessing the programming learning outcome. These programs learning outcomes (PLO) are defined/fixed by the accreditation agencies and are mapped with the course learning outcome (CLO). In a micro level, key performance indicators (KPIs) are defined for each program learning outcomes. The role of a faculty member is very important in this stage in evaluation and assessment. The faculty member sets the assessment tools based on the course learning outcomes and the associated key performance indicators. Evaluation is carried out by the faculty member based on the rubrics associated with the performance indicator. The evaluation process should be more transparent and to provide a clear picture of the student position in the class. The need for developing a suitable mathematical model to record the marks at micro level and assess the outcomes must be considered by the Universities in order to strengthen the assessment process. This research paper deals with developing mathematical models to evaluate the average scores of the programming learning outcomes and course learning outcomes.
Gozen Elkiran*, Jazuli Abdullahi (Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Nicosia, NORTH CYPRUS)
Keywords: Food trade; Crop productions; Water footprint; Water balance; Virtual water; CROPWAT; Imports and exports.
Rapid growth in the world population leads to increase demand for water and hence water scarcity rises. Water is said to be virtually transported when the produced food are transferred from the point of its production to the point of consumption. Hence, this research was aimed at determining the volume of virtual water required to produce 25 different crops in the most water-scarce region of Nigeria for the year 2013. In the meantime, the virtual water imports and exports, the volume of virtual water produced, water balance, and water footprint, contributions of green, blue, and grey water for crop productions, imports costs, exports income and productions value of the selected crops were distinguished. CROPWAT software was used in conducting this research. The result showed that in the selected six states of the water-scarce region, the sum of the volumes of virtual water produced of the crops selected was approximately 34.7 Gm3/yr., virtual water imports volume was 8.3 Gm3/yr., virtual water exports volume was 26.5 Mm3/yr., water balance was 8.3 Gm3/yr. and water footprint was 43 Gm3/yr. Total production value was $2.5 billion, import cost $763.5 million and export income $1.1 million. The most suitable state to grow crops in the water-scarce region of Nigeria is Zamfara as it has more percentage of green water used than others, which can, therefore, reduce cost of production and scarcity of water.
A.A. Shpedt (Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agricultural, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, RUSSIA )
Yu.V. Aksenova , M.R. Shayakhmetov (Omsk State Agrarian University, Omsk, RUSSIA )
V.N. Zhulanova (Tuvan State University, Kyzyl, ul. Lenin, RUSSIA)
V.A. Rassypnov (Altai State Agrarian University, Barnaul, RUSSIA )
M.V. Butyrin (Center of Agrochemical Service Irkutsk, setl. Dzerzhinsk, RUSSIA )
The comparative assessment of natural potential of agro-chernozems of Siberia in order to plan rational land use, protection of soils and soil cover is carried out. The score was determined by soil-ecological index (SEI). SEI calculation was carried out on climatic, agrochemical and soil parameters. At calculating the climate index, the sum of temperatures above 100°C and precipitation was taken into account; the agrochemical index was calculated by the content of humus, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, the reaction of the medium and the soil index - by alkalinity, salinity, erosion, granulometric composition of soils. According to the data of the Landsat satellite and the QGIS software, a map of the distribution of chernozems in the Siberian region was created. Interactive map is comparable to the relief map of the study area, cadastral, geological and other maps. The most valuable soils for agricultural use are formed in the Krasnoyarsk and Altai Krai, where up to 50% of the total chernozem area of the Siberian Federal district (SFD) is concentrated. SEI of agro-chernozems of Siberia decreases in a number: Krasnoyarsk Krai, Altai Krai, Irkutsk region, Omsk region, the Republic of Tuva. The development of erosion and deflation to an average degree reduces the SEI value by 14-36%. The calculated SEI values of agro-chernozems can be used to determine their resource potential, cadastral and market assessment, development of recommendations for land transformation. In modern conditions, the unused chernozems are considered as unrecorded reserve for expansion of arable land, most balanced, anthropogenic, environmental resource.
In mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) due to the high mobility of nodes, routing and load balancing are of major problems. In the proposed framework first, routes leading to destination is found and the value of compound route with the average of total probability of nodes for each route is calculated. Final value is considered to select a route among all routes leading to the destination. We considered the parameters in order to balance the load on the network and use of learning automata technique to select the optimal route. Simulation result shows that the proposed approach offers better performance in terms of energy consumption and the number of packets received by the sink.
Keywords: Accessible environment; Universal design; Ergodizain; Design of relief.
Disability is an emerging field within public health; people with significant disabilities account for more than 15% of the world population. People with disabilities who receive a high-quality education and enter the workforce prepared are not only a benefit to themselves, but to their families, employers, and communities. Disparity status for this group would allow federal and state governments to actively work to reduce inequities. In this article, the application of the basic principles of universal design on the example of creating relief-graphic aids for blind and visually impaired people is considered. We developed a methodology for this purposed which results demonstrates its accuracy and efficiency.
Keywords: Rural monitoring; Rural population; Rural employment; Rural quality of life; Rural settlement; Rural analysis; Rural social infrastructure.
This study identifies factors that make difficulties for sustainable development of Russia rural areas; to develop a concept of forming an effective social infrastructure. There was a decrease in rural population to the level of 1991 by 982 thousand people, or 2.5%. The total rural population is considered from four positions: natural increase (or decrease); migration increase; changes in a settlement status (from urban to rural); expansion of the rural area due to the annexation of the Crimea. So, there was a decrease in the first factor (natural increase) by 3.7 million people during the market reforms 1992-2016. The second factor, half a million people were increased. The third factor (changes in a settlement status) had an increase of over 2 million people. The fourth factor, the rural population of the Russian Federation grew almost 800 thousand people due to the rural territory of the Crimea. If to deal with a structure of the employed rural population in the Russian Federation by types of economic activity, it should be emphasized that the proportion of those directly engaged in agriculture is 21% of the economically active rural population or about 8 million people. This underlines the multifunctionality of rural areas. It is recommended to ensure financial priority for strategic projects that increase the profitability of the agricultural sector for its modernization and increasing competitiveness, improving the infrastructure of rural areas and a local self-government, developing agricultural and green tourism; to develop agricultural and green tourism; to carry out certification of rural settlements; to implement minimum standards of social and communal infrastructures; to legislate a status of a young specialist who goes to rural areas, concerning his rights and obligations, as well as benefits and preferences of various kinds. This decision, in the authors' opinion, will significantly increase the attractiveness of rural areas for young people.
Keywords: Universal design; barrier-free environment; PMC (Precious Metal Clay); art therapy.
This study applies low cost material to build creative specimens. Several areas of possible testing include compression, and bending. The organization of events with the joint participation of healthy people and people with disabilities in creative activities contributes to the formation of a barrier-free environment. This is the creation of medical and labor workshops, creative festivals, exhibitions and fairs. When there is an opportunity not only to submit their own products to the competition, but also to sell them, having received monetary rewards for their creative works. All this also contributes to the erasure of the psychological framework in communication of people with disabilities with people without disabilities. With creations under a barrier-free environment, creativity is one of the effective ways to integrate people with disabilities into society
Improving the awareness toward the tourism and tourism education among young generations and schools’ student is one of the strategic directions considered by the government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) as one-step to the 2030 vision of the country. This paper unfolds the inherent to know tourism education dimensions that are important from social studies curricula teachers' point of view in the intermediate and secondary schools in the KSA to develop a process of the curricula and improve the tourism awareness among the students. The findings highlight the lack of the tourism education dimensions of social studies curricula from the experts' point of view and weak communication between curricula developers in the KSA Ministry of Education and the teachers who work for schools.
Keywords: People identity; Iranian identity; Effect of communication; TV program; Cultural-based economic, National show; Confirmatory analysis.
This study was conducted to analyze the effect of provincial TV channel called Hamoun on the national and religious identity of people living in Sis tan and Baluchistan, Iran. The survey method is used in this research. The questionnaire consists of two parts as well as the open and close-ended questions. Statistical society of this study focused on educated people who were older than 19 living in Sis tan and Baluchistan. From the 2011 census, there were over a million people living in rural and urban areas; of them, almost half a million members were educated people, 19 years old and older. Sample size was calculated (n = 383) using Cochran's formula. The sample size in each construction block was determined using systematic method based on the proper sampling method (based on the classification and convenient assignment) after determining the sample size in each category (construction blocks) then the questionnaires were filled out by the selected members. It is found that Hamoun Channel's attention to the participation of citizens of Sis tan and Baluchistan Province in different fields has been related with the national and religious identity of people at significance level of 1%. This relationship was direct so that an increase in people's attention to the programs of Hamoun Channel in different scopes of traditions and customs, ethnics, products, economics, historical issues, and participation of people leads to increment in national-religious identity of people living in Sis tan and Baluchistan. In this case, Hamoun Channel has performed successful programs related to the national and religious identity.
This study aims to compare the horizontal shear strength at the interface between precast prestressed concrete slabs and concrete toppings under three different slab surface conditions: smooth or unintentionally roughened (Type 1), intentionally roughened by 3mm latitudinal indentations (Type 2), and intentionally roughened by 6mm latitudinal indentations (Type 3). The theoretical values for shear strengths for all types of the concrete slab-topping composites were compared to the experimental values calculated from vertical deflection and strain values which were obtained using the Three-Point Bending Test. The characteristics of the failures were also examined. The study shows that the horizontal shear strength and the deflection depend on the roughness of the surface of the concrete slabs. When compared to Type 1 concrete slabs under the load of 1,300kg, the concrete slabs with roughened surfaces showed stronger horizontal shear stress (by the factor of 1.148 for Type 3 and 1.089 for Type 2) and less deflection (by the factor of 1.113 for Type 3 and 1.053 for Type 2). The results highlight the importance of the roughened surface of the concrete slabs in enhancing the horizontal shear strength in the concrete slab-topping composites which could be of great benefit to engineering applications.
Keywords: Community Cloud for Healthcare (CCH); Community Cloud of Certifying Authority (CCCA); Wireless Medical Sensor Networks (WMSN); Scyther tool; BAN logic.
The exponential advancements in the realm of wearable biosensor and wireless communication technologies has paved the way to a new technology called Wireless Medical Sensor Networks (WMSNs) which is revolutionizing mobile healthcare. This work is motivated from ABI research report that all the healthcare infrastructures are prone to attacks which includes Cloud, IOT Wearable Devices, Mobile Network Operator (MNO) and Secure Element (SE) of the patient. There are many challenges in implementation including adversaries exploiting vulnerabilities in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) thereby compromising patient's vital information. This article proposes a Secure and Anonymous Health (SAH) Monitoring System using Wireless Medical Sensor Networks (WMSN). SAH overcomes all the flaws in the existing literature by adopting Community Cloud for Healthcare (CCH) and Community Cloud of Certifying Authority (CCCA). SAH framework ensures all the security properties and withstands all the known attacks. SAH protocol is verified with scyther tool and BAN logic so we claim that SAH framework ensures all the security properties such as confidentiality, integrity, non-repudiation, and authentication are ensured and withstands all the known attacks which includes multi-protocol attacks.
Mohammad Aslanpour (Mohammad Omar Aziz) *(Department of Horticulture, University of Raparin, Rania, Sulaimany, IRAQ ),
Hamed Doulati Baneh (Horticulture Crops Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Uremia, IRAN ),
Ali Tehranifar, Mahmoud Shoor (Horticultural Sciences and Landscape Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN )
To determine effect of infected roots of seedless white currant grape with three species of Mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus fasiculatu, intraradices Glomus, and Glomus mosseae) and macro and micronutrients in leaves and roots under the water stress conditions, this factorial experiment in the randomized complete block design with four treatments. The results indicated that increase in drought stress led to reduction in the factors including shoot growth, number of leaves, leaf level, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi had a positive effect on the above-mentioned traits compared with control group; in this case, the highest positive effect was on the root phosphorus uptake, root dry weights and root zinc uptake among the fungal treatment traits. Intraradices Glomus fungi had the highest positive effect on the interaction between the fungi and water stress for copper in the root and the least amount of manganese. There was not any different treatment between irrigation levels of 25% and 50% under the water stress
conditions.
This study main objective was an analysis of organizations with a circular structure (democratic hierarchy). This was an analytical descriptive study and library resources are used to gather information, and content analysis is used to analyze the data. Results showed that circular structures have little management levels and small senior management team. The structure can meet lots of hierarchical limitations and can also cause slowdown of decision making and implementation process. It can also decrease high costs of management for inter-department relates and organizational hierarchy. It enables organization to consume its resources to provide service for customers (whether the customers within organization or out of organization). Circular structures are rounded structures, which pay attention to processes and try to preserve the advantages of vertical and horizontal nature.
Humera Tariq* (Department of Computer Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, PAKISTAN ),
Syed Faraz (Center for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, MALAYSIA ),
Asia Samreen (Department of Computer Science, Bahria University, Karachi, PAKISTAN ),
Usman Amjad (Department of Computer Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, PAKISTAN ),
Keywords: Bone Modeling; Joint Modeling; Varus; Valgus; Joint space width; Anatomic axis Angle; Condylar angle.
Two Dimensional Geometric Analysis and Modeling become increasingly important in computer-aided treatment (CAT) planning, non-invasive surgical processes, computer-aided diagnostic (CAD), computer aided modeling (CAM) and disease progression. The purpose of this article is to present a computer-aided geometrical analysis of tibiofemoral joint from knee radiographs from a computing perspective. Lateral and Medial Joint Space Width (JSW), anatomical axis angle (AAA), Femorotibial angle (FTA), Condylar Plateau Angle (CPA), Condylar Angle (CA) and Tibial Plateau Angle (TPA) has been Quantified with novel linear algebra abstractions with an intention to use in 3D Joint Modeling and Animation. Edge pixel Detection, curve modeling, and linear regression have been expended as key methods to estimate anatomical axes and respective angles. Implementation details of methodology have been presented in the form of code listing. Quantification of aforementioned knee parameters has been successfully quantified with 85% accuracy over an originally acquired patient dataset in DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine) Format.
Mohammad Aslanpour (Mohammad Omar Aziz) *(Department of Horticulture, University of Raparin, Rania, Sulaimany, IRAQ ),
Hamed Doulati Baneh (Horticulture Crops Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Uremia, IRAN ),
Ali Tehranifar, Mahmoud Shoor (Horticultural Sciences and Landscape Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN )
In order to determine the effects of root inoculation of grape cv. Sefid bidaneh with three species of mycorrhiza fungus namely G. fasiculatum, G. intraradices and G. mosseae on the absorption of macro and microelements including phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium in leaf under drought conditions, an experiment was designed in a factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that an increase in drought stress resulted in the reduction in macro and micronutrients absorption, and inoculation with mycorrhiza fungus could have a positive effect on the greater absorption of these elements compared to control. The amount of leaf phosphorus in the treatment of G. fasiculatum was the highest so that it showed a significant difference from G. mosseae and control treatments. The highest amount of potassium was found in G. mosseae treatment that showed a significant difference from other treatments. Based on the results, G. fasiculatum treatment had the highest content of magnesium, while the lowest rate was obtained in G. intraradices treatment.
Keywords: Optimum selection of mechanical excavator; Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM); Fuzzy AHP; Behesht Abad water transfer tunnel.
Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are one of the most important miners in an excavation of tunnels and underground spaces. These machines can bore all circular cross-sections all at once. Designers and managers are to choose the most suitable type of TBM as the high price of these machines can affect the economics of the project. The main objective of this research work is to select proper TBM using multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches for excavation of Behesht Abad water transfer tunnel in central Iran. As there are many opposite criteria for machine selection, therefore, this issue is considered as a multi-criteria and complex problem. Various methods have been used and developed for the evaluation and selection of a suitable machine. One is using applicable decision making such as fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Fuzzy logic can help the tunneling designers in the process of the TBM selection under a fuzzy
environment where the vagueness and uncertainty are taken into
account with linguistic variables parameterized by triangular fuzzy numbers. The fuzzy AHP applied to form the structure of the TBM selection problem and to determine weights of the evaluation criteria, and this method utilized to acquire final ranking. Results of this study showed that doubled shielded TBM is the most suitable option for excavating Behesht Abad tunnel.
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