International Transaction Journal of Engineering,
Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

http://TuEngr.com


ISSN 2228-9860
eISSN 1906-9642

FEATURE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES

• EFFECTS OF GROWING MEDIUM TYPE ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF SAINTPAULIA (SAINTPAULIA IONANTHA WENDI)

  Mohammad Aslanpour (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Raparin Raniyeh University of Kurdistan, IRAQ.),
  Mahmoud Shoor ( Horticultural Sciences and Landscape Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN),
  Behnaz Ghalekahi (Faculty of Agriculture, Mashhad University, IRAN),
  Ahmad Sharifi, Mahdieh Kharazi (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Mashhad Jihad University, IRAN )

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.56

  Keywords: Non-soil growing media; Soil fertilizer; Plant hormone; Climatic conditions; Rhapsody; Optimara.

  Abstract
  Saintpaulia is one of the most popular flowering houseplants that need a proper growing medium for optimal vegetative and reproductive growth. It has been proved that the application of supplementary fertilizers, appropriate growing medium, and artificial light could provide more favorable growth and flowering conditions for most plants. For this purpose, a separate experiment was performed to investigate the factors affecting the growth and flowering in this plant. The first experiment investigates three growing media (peat, cocopeat: perlite and peat moss: perlite). All experiments were performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized factorial design with five replications. Most of the measured traits were significantly affected by the treatments of these three experiments. The use of peat moss: perlite growing medium with equal ratio along with the application of phosphate fertilizer provided the best yield.




• USER'S E-READINESS FOR E-HEALTH AND TRADITIONAL HEALTHCARE: A CASE OF DERA ISMAIL KHAN, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

  Qamar Afaq Qureshi, Allah Nawaz (Department of Public Administration (DPA), Institute of Political & Administrative Sciences (IPAS), Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PAKISTAN ),
  Samiullah, Muhammad Asim Yasin*, Rafaqet Ali, Mazhar Abbas, Muhammad Imran Khan (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Multan Road, Vehari, PAKISTAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.57

  Keywords: Effects of Internet; Developing Countries; Government E-Policies; Healthcare services; ICTs; Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

  Abstract
  By February 2019, thirty million citizens will get Health-Card across Pakistan, which is the best example of E-Health systems becoming popular in Pakistan, said the Minister for National Health Services. However, User E-Readiness (UER) for E-Health (EH) is founded on users' digital literacy and acceptance of digital health services. It also depends on the user perceptions about the problems and prospects of EH. It is assumed that UER determines the success of the EH system in the country and simultaneously reduces the dependence on the traditional healthcare services (THC). Becoming a practical user needs some time to know and use digital gadgets and thereby access online services. This study measures the UER, knowledge, and practices of EH and their current relationship with THC. The Study confirms that UER is significantly and positively related to EH. The study also reveals that there is a significant and negative association between UER and THC meaning that as UER increases, the negative variation happens in THC. Further, demographic impacts of gender are critical with statistics showing that Males are scoring higher on UER and EH, but Females give a higher score on THC. There is a need to increase UER so that EH could be utilized at maximum thereby helping the government in her inability to provide physical healthcare facilities everywhere across the country.




• EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT IN PRODUCTIVITY OF IRANIAN TOBACCO COMPANY, WITH THE HELP OF DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSES (DEA)

  Mohsen Vaez Ghasemi (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Rasht Branch, Rasht, IRAN ),
  Seyed Javad Asadi Bijaeyeh (Faculty of Business Management, Islamic Azad University of Rasht Branch, Rasht, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.58

  Keywords: Shared leadership approach; Cigarette; shared responsibility; collective leadership; DEA method.

  Abstract
  This article assessed the role of Participatory Management in productivity of Iranian Tobacco Company with the help of data envelopment analyses (DEA) in 2016-17. Our research method was descriptive-analytic and comparative. At first Guilan Tobacco Company was selected as accessible sample statistical society among seven provinces that have agricultural, productive and distributive units of tobacco and cigarettes. There are public productive units of an Iranian tobacco company (ITC) and private productive sections that have been set up by the Japan tobacco industry (JTI) in Iranian Tobacco Company. Japan is one of the pioneers in the application of participatory management. The two sections are directed and controlled by the Iranian Tobacco Company. The method of collecting data was through completing questionnaires, Correspondence? Interviews with Managers of different units of Guilan Tobacco Company and then 40 employees were selected as sample society by the accessible method and asked to respond the questionnaires that were contented questions about important indices for three periods, namely before 2009 and 2009-2013 and after 2013periods. Then collected data were analyzed with data envelopment analysis (DEA) method. It showed that rank scores in periods 2009-13 and after 2013 were better than before 2009 periods. The finding confirms that Participatory Management has a role and impact on the productivity of Tobacco Company by mediatory variables.




• PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND EMISSION RELATED CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAPE (AMOUNT OF CO₂, TRANSPIRATION RATE, RELATIVE WATER CONTENT, LEAF TEMPERATURE, PHOTOSYNTHESIS INDEX, AND CHLOROPHYLL INDEX OF FRUITS) UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS

  Mohammad Aslanpour (Mohammad Omar Aziz) *(Department of Horticulture, University of Raparin Rania, Sulaimany, IRAQ ),
  Hamed Doulati Baneh (Horticulture Crops Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Uremia, IRAN ),
  Ali Tehranifar, Mahmoud Shoor (Horticultural Sciences and Landscape Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.59

  Keywords: Water stress condition; Photosynthesis-related traits; Water deficit; Drought resistance; Mycorrhiza plant; Photosynthetic performance; Chlorophyll; Horticulture; Grapevine.

  Abstract
  To determine effect of inoculated roots of seedless white currant grape with three species of Mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus fasiculatu, Glomus intraradices, and Glomus mosseae) on some characteristics including net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, under-stomatal CO₂, photosynthesis rate, amount of chlorophyll, leaf temperature, and leaf's relative water content under drought stress conditions, an experiment was designed in a factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The results indicated that an increase in drought stress led to a reduction in the factors including shoot growth, a number of leaves, leaf level, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight. In comparison with control treatments, inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi had a positive effect on the aforementioned traits so that fungal treatment had the highest effect on chlorophyll index in a leaf of Glomus mosseae fungi. Glomus fasiculatum fungi had the highest positive effect on the index of photosynthesis index. Two Glomus intraradices and Glomus fasiculatum funguses had the most positive effects on the reduction in transpiration rate and sub-stomatal CO₂. All three funguses were effective in decreasing leaf area temperature. There was not any significant difference between 25% and 50% irrigation levels under water stress conditions. There was not any difference in CO₂, relative water content and transpiration rate at irrigation levels of 50% and 70%.




• PECULIAR PROPERTIES OF THE RUSSIAN LABOUR MARKET

  Bystritskaya A.Yu.*, Alekhina A.A., Ivanova L.A., Kriulin V.A., Nozdracheva E.N., Sukmanov E.V.(Institute of Economics and Management, Kursk State University, Kursk, RUSSIA )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.60

  Keywords: Unemployment rate; Employment rate; Labor productivity; Employment in agricultural sector; Gender and employment; Unemployment and education level.

  Abstract
  In the system of economic relations, the labor market occupies an important place. Increasing employment, reducing unemployment and increasing labor productivity is one of the key problems of the transformation of socio-economic relations. In the Russian Federation in 2017 the priority program. Increase of labor productivity and support of employment was approved, however, in the program neither regional, nor gender features of the Russian labor market are taken into account. Therefore, the study examined gender, regional and professional features of the Russian labor market. The main indicators of the labor market are compared with the labor markets of the leading countries. It is revealed that unemployment rates in Russia are higher and labor productivity is lower than in the leading countries. In recent years, there has been an increase in unemployment among the population having University degrees. For agricultural workers there was a slight decrease, and in the post-crisis year there was a decrease in unemployment (the only category of workers). For the agricultural labor market, a trend was revealed in crisis periods, when the labor markets of other industries are characterized by a slowdown or decline in the growth rate of labor productivity, the growth rate of labor productivity in the agricultural market shows a positive trend. As for other categories of workers there was a sharp increase in unemployment. The regional feature of the Russian labor market is noted. Despite the overall positive trend the reduction of unemployment in some regions (the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic), the unemployment rate remains 3-5 times higher than the Russian indicator. It is proposed to take into account all the identified trends and problems in the development of national projects and programs.




• EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS AND GREEN KNOWLEDGE ON GREEN PRODUCT CONSUMPTIONS WITH AN EMPHASIS ON MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED BEHAVIORAL CONTROL, PERCEIVED VALUE, ATTITUDE AND SUBJECTIVE NORM

  Ahmad Reza Salimi(Department of MBA, Payame Noor University, P.O. BOX 1495933399, Tehran, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.61

  Keywords: Green consumption; Path analysis; Green purchase intention; Green purchase attitude; Environmental behavior.

  Abstract
  This study examine the effects of environmental concerns and green knowledge on green product consumption with an emphasis on mediating role of perceived behavioral control, perceived value, attitude, subjective norm. This study was an applied research using descriptive survey. The participated population included 359 customers of Shahrvand stores in Tehran. This study used path analysis in LISREL® to test the measurement model and hypotheses. The results showed that effects of environmental concerns were significant and positive on green purchase attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, perceived value and green purchase intention. Effects of green knowledge were significant and positive on green purchase attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, perceived value and green purchase intention. Effect of green purchase attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control was positive and significant on green purchase intention, while effect of perceived value was not significant on green purchase intention. Indirect effect of environmental concerns and green knowledge was positive and significant on green purchase intention through green purchase attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control. The findings supported effect of environmental concerns and green knowledge on green product consumption focusing on mediating role of perceived behavioral control, perceived value, attitude and subjective norm.




• ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS OF THE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT NATIONALITIES TOWARDS THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

  Fidan ASLANOVA * (Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, NORTH CYPRUS ),
  Huseyin GOKCEKUS (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, NORTH CYPRUS ),
  Ibrahim TAHER ALHADL (Department of Environmental Education and Management, Faculty of Education Science, Near East University, Nicosia, NORTH CYPRUS )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.62

  Keywords: Questionnaire; Renewable energy (RE) resources; North Cyprus; Crosstabs analysis.

  Abstract
  One of the most significant existing environmental problems is the insufficiency of energy produced in the world to meet our energy demand. The renewable energy (RE) resources have become more critical since the majority of the required energy is provided through fossil fuel resources and such resources are exhaustible. The improvement in the availability of RE resources is possible through effective environmental education to the students, who are the future users of such resources. Within the scope of this study, a scale was applied to identify the attitudes and behaviors of university students with different nationalities on the use of renewable energy. The questionnaire used in this research was applied to 500 students of different nationalities, who are studying at the universities located in the northern part of Cyprus in 2015-2016. Multiple basic to specific queries are asked to learn their knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors towards RE. The Crosstabs analysis to evaluate the impact on variables. Findings indicate that students from many countries with major resources of fossil fuels, there is a significant need for education for students regarding the necessity of using renewable and green energies. The results showed that Egypt education was more knowledgeable of the uses and the nature of RE technologies.




• SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELING OF OLIGOPOLY MARKET BASED ON GAME THEORY

  Ali Mohammadi (School of Economic, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IRAN ),
  Ehsan Javanmardi* (Institute for Grey Systems Studies, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, CHINA )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.63

  Keywords: Game theories; System dynamics; Oligopoly markets; Dynamical system game theories.

  Abstract
  This study proposes a theoretical framework that can describe the dynamic dimensions of the game environment and the factors affecting it, and can model the impacts of decisions on the environment and vice versa, through an application of system dynamics. At first, a conceptual model was formulated for oligopoly markets, based on the dynamical system game theory. Following that, corporates' decision-making mechanisms were formulated in an oligopoly market, and the observations showed that the Structure of the demand function served as the central element in determining the Nash equilibrium and players' optimal decisions. Then, three variables, namely cost, quality, and advertisement were considered as decision variables of the problem, and ultimately the final causal game model was designed. The sample under study was the Iranian white cement export market. Results of simulation revealed that the important parameters of the model, including demand volume, profit rate, and cost, tended toward equilibrium after a fluctuating transition period. Solving the model through common game theory methods would not make it possible to investigate the behaviors of the system in the long run, nor to observe the transition period. The key innovation of this research is to propose a conceptual model of game in dynamical systems, by taking into account multiple decision variables.




• HEAT EXCHANGE MODELING ON THE AIRCRAFT SURFACE UNDER HYPERSONIC SPEED OF THE APPROACH FLOW

  A.A. Chernykh*, A.I.Sharapov, A.V. Peshkova (Department of Industrial Heat and Power Engineering, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, RUSSIA ),
  Y.V. Shatskikh (National Research, University MPEI, Moscow, Russia. )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.64

  Keywords: Heat flow on Aircraft; Aircraft simulation; Hypersonic flight speed; Hypersonic aircraft; Flow temperature; Heat exchange simulation; Navier-Stokes equations.

  Abstract
  The paper discusses the principles of modeling thermal interaction between aircraft protective coatings and approach flow. This work has developed software with relation to the flight of aircraft moving at high supersonic speeds combined functional setting for boundary conditions of various types particularly parameters of the atmosphere and hypersonic aircraft (HA) prototype material, reference flight conditions, parameters of the approach flow, etc. In this study, the hypersonic gas flow is considered as chemically nonequilibrium medium, which is an intermediate state of equilibrium and stagnated flows. The results from the numerical simulation of heat exchange on the winged vehicle surface at hypersonic flow rate are given.




• PLANNING AND MANAGING RESTRICTIONS AND BARRIERS TO TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN IRAN AND CHINA

  Maryam Abili, Yan Zhao (School of Management and Engineering, Shanghai University, CHINA )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.65

  Keywords:Tourism geopolitics; Tourism destination; Tourism restrictions; Tourism supply and demand; Tourism between Iran and China.

  Abstract
  The purpose of this research was to identify the obstacles resulted in the lack of development of tourism between Iran and China. There are some research hypotheses that were tested in the study. According to the results, what is considered as a weakness in the development of tourism industry between Iran and China in Iran and preventing the attraction of Chinese tourists to Iran is Interacting with foreign banks, Traffic and transit status, How to provide health services and its types and quality, Passenger services, including ground and air vehicles and passenger terminals, The performance of tourism management at high levels, Electronic Tourism, Degree of conformity of quality of tourism facilities of Iran with international standards including hotels, and restaurants. This work proposes suitable solutions for tourism product promotion.




• IMPROVED COLOR CONSTANCY ALGORITHMS USING FUZZY TECHNIQUE

  Parastoo Fathi*, Mohsen Ebrahimi Moghadam (Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.66

  Keywords: Fuzzy clustering-based algorithm; Color space; Color constancy algorithm selection; Diagonal mapping; Fuzzification.

  Abstract
  Color constancy is the ability to recognize the color of objects independent of the light source luminance. Color processing and especially color constancy performs an important role in computer vision and image processing applications such as image retrieval, image classification, color object recognition, and object tracking. Color constancy is usually understood as the task of finding descriptors which are invariant to illumination changes in surfaces of a scene while correcting colors in an image is considered as a different phase. This paper proposes a new combinational method based on fuzzy method and clustering to estimate the chromaticity of the light source as the major step of color constancy. In this algorithm, after fuzzification different features of the image by using a clustering algorithm estimates the light source illuminant. To verify the proposed method, four well-known algorithms were selected based on the best algorithm by the proposed approach. In selecting these methods, it was tried to choose the ones which had better performance in comparison to other methods. It is shown in this article that the proposed approach performs better than other proposed methods for color constancy most of the time.




• OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCTIVE COSTS ON THE BASIS OF THE MARGINAL UTILITY

  G.A. Beznosov* (Federal State Budgetary Educational Establish of Higher Education, Ural State Agrarian University, (FGBOU VO Uralsky GAU) Ekaterinburg, Karl Liebknecht ul.,42, RUSSIA ),
  N.V. Ziablitckaia (South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, pr.Lenina, 76, RUSSIA ),
  L.A. Novopashin, L.V. Denyozhko, A.A. Sadov (Federal State Budgetary Educational Establish of Higher Education, Ural State Agrarian University, (FGBOU VO Uralsky GAU) Ekaterinburg, Karl Liebknecht ul.,42, RUSSIA ),
  N.K. Pryadilina (Ural State Forest Engineering University, Ekaterinburg, 620100, Siberian tract, 37, RUSSIAN FEDERATION )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.67

  Keywords: Marginal utility; economic mechanism of resource saving; Optimization of production costs; algorithm for allocation of production resources.

  Abstract
  After analyzing trends and patterns of development of the economic mechanism of resource saving in agricultural production an inverse dependence relationship has been established between the efficiency of agricultural production from the level of its resource intensity; and it has been proved that it is reasonable to reduce not all production costs, but only those types that affect the efficiency indicators of production in a negative way, and, conversely, it is reasonable to increase those types of production costs that are able to ensure the growth of productive indicators of economic activity at an agricultural enterprise. The conducted study is based on a reasonable assumption about the possibility of improving the efficiency of resource consumption with the use of an algorithm for allocation of production resources with consideration of the marginal utility of their costs. The scientific hypothesis was verified on the example of agricultural enterprises of grain specialization in the Kurgan region of the Russian Federation. Calculations showed that the optimized cost structure for grain production at agricultural enterprises of grain specialization in the Kurgan region reduces the resource intensity of marketable grain in comparison with its existed average value by 0.086 rubles or by 8.9%, increases the profit from the sale of marketable products by 194277 thousand rubles or by 30.6%, including per 1 hectare of grain crops - by 260.4 rubles or by 30.6%, for 1 centner (100 kilograms) of grain produced - by 24.1 rubles or 36.9%. The level of profitability at the same time increases by 11.4%. Thus, the economic efficiency of grain production at agricultural enterprises of grain specialization in the Kurgan region increases at allocation of production costs with consideration of their marginal utility.




• MODELING THE PROCESS OF MECHANICAL OSCILLATIONS OF HELICAL SPRINGS

  Vyacheslav V. Rodin* (Department of Metrology, Standardization, and Certification, National Research Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk 430005, Republic of Mordovia, RUSSIA )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.68

  Keywords: Kirchhoff equilibrium equations; Clebsch equations; modeling for springs, elasticity, force condition.

  Abstract
  The present article is devoted to the development of a mathematical model of oscillations of cylindrical helical springs under the action of external mechanical forces. The article is devoted to the equations of oscillations of spatial rods. The necessary assumptions to consider are the oscillations, Kirchhoff equilibrium equations, and the additional Clebsch equations that allow one to solve them. The system of linear differential equations and conditions allow calculating the values of linear and angular displacements of the spring, by calculating the corresponding values for individual sections. The equations model make it possible to determine the arising internal forces and moments of forces during oscillations.




• ESTIMATION OF ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT FOR PARDIS CITIZENS OF IRAN

  Rokhshad Hejazi* (Olom Va Fonon, Department of Environmental Science, Islamic Azad University of North Branch; IRAN ),
  Zahra Haji Ghorbani Doulabi, Sepideh Alikhani (Department of Environmental Management, Islamic Azad University of North Branch, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.69

  Keywords: Human footprint; Environmental valuation; Sustainable Development; Ecological footprint method; Tehran; bio capacity; Pardis City.

  Abstract
  Sustainable development is one of the most important global issues used to reduce destructive effects on the environment regarding economic growth and development to remove human needs. Various indicators have examined, estimated and interpreted the subject in different terms; ecological footprint is one of these indicators, which has been defined in recent decades. This index identifies and estimates all of variables related to producing and consuming life of people comparing them with resources’ ability and determining changes in consumption patterns. Ecological footprint is a prospective index so that it indicates resources situation from the past to present time. Therefore, this index can be used for long-term planning in field of management and environmental economics. This study was carried out to estimate ecological footprint of Pardis, which is one of strategic cities around Tehran, Iran. With 2014 data, The obtained results showed tolerable ecological footprint of Pardis in electricity, transportation, natural gases heating, water, food, and waste sectors. Accordingly, Pardis can be used as supportive region and ecological footprint of Tehran applying a resource management.











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