International Transaction Journal of Engineering,
Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

:: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

http://TuEngr.com


ISSN 2228-9860
eISSN 1906-9642

FEATURE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES

• ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN THE SYSTEM OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE

  G.A. Beznosov (Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education, Ural State Agrarian University, (FGBOU VO Uralsky GAU), Ekaterinburg, Karl Liebknecht st., 42, RUSSIA ),
  E.A. Skvortsov (Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Mira st., 19, RUSSIAN FEDERATION ),
  A.N. Semin (Ural State Economic University, Ekaterinburg, March 8 st. / Narodnaya Volya st., 62/45620144 RUSSIAN FEDERATION ),
  K.V.Nekrasov (Ural State University of the Railway Transport, Ekaterinburg, Ekaterinburg, Kolmogorov Street, 66, RUSSIA ),
  N.V. Ziablitckaia, V.I. Nabokov (South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, pr.Lenina, 76, RUSSIA )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.44

  Keywords: Economic model, optimization of production costs, resource saving, precision farming.

  Abstract (click)
  The article suggests an economic and mathematical tool for optimization of production costs as a tool for justifying the efficiency of resource-saving production methods in the precision farming system. In particular, an economic and mathematical model of optimization of resource saving in agricultural production has been developed, which provides the most objective, in comparison with known analogues, justification of certain resource-saving technologies for the agricultural production due to integrated consideration of natural and production factors, including the difference in the amount of production resources at areas with various agrochemical characteristics; these characteristics were identified on the basis of soil tests, crop losses, depending on a technology of crop cultivation, a degree of reproduction of soil fertility, a product quality and the environmental safety of production. The practical implementation of precision farming technologies is based on capabilities of modern geo-information systems GLONASS. Thus, the conducted studies suggest that economic and mathematical modeling, as one of the elements of the economic mechanism of resource saving, can be successfully used to optimize resource consumption in agricultural production. The approbation of the improved economic and mathematical model has proved a possibility of more accurate and objective justification of the use of one or another resource-saving method (technology) of production.




• MICRO-HARDNESS PROFILE AND MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION IN FRICTION-STIR-PROCESSING ZONE OF THE ZrO₂/CNT NANO-COATED ST37 STEEL

  Seyed Mohammad Hossein Sharifi *, Armin Sabetghadam-Isfahani (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Petroleum University of Technology (PUT), Ahvaz Faculty, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.46

  Keywords: Metal Fabrication; SZ; TMAZ; HAZ Phases; Zener Pinning Effect; Zirconium dioxide; Nano-coating Dispersing; Diamond Pyramid Hardness.

  Abstract (click)
  The effect comparison of applying Friction Stir Processing (FSP) with two different Nanoparticles; CNT (Carbon Nano Tubes) and ZrO₂, on St37 steel Micro-hardness changes has been investigated. In FSP fabrication method, the rotational speed was 900 rpm and the traverse speed was 100 mm/min. The obtained Micro-hardness results from both Nano-particles have been compared with the one in Base Metal (BM). Both Nanoparticles (CNT and ZrO₂) were tested in the same total dominant condition. It is note-able that the nugget zones' Micro-hardness of both FSP Nano-coated samples have experienced a great promotion in comparison to the one in BM. However, the CNT one allocates a greater promotion slope to itself. By comparing the three fabrication zone products (Nugget Zone, TMAZ, HAZ); it will be understood that CNT sample experiences a greater difference between three fabrication zones rather than the ZrO₂ ones.




• IMPACT OF INDIVIDUAL AND PROFESSIONAL ASPECTS OF EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOR ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCES FROM PAKISTANI BANKING SECTOR

  Muhammad Umair Raza, Adnan Adeel, Muhammad Nazam (Institute of Business Management Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN ),
  Rana Shahid Imdad Akash (Faculty of Management Sciences, Department of Business Administration, University of Sargodha Women Campus, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN ),
  Muhammad Hashim (Department of Management Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN ),
  Jamil Ahmad *, Muhammad Imran Khan (Department of management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, PAKISTAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.47

  Keywords: Relationship management; Factor analysis; Satisfaction of clients; Customers' expectations; Commercial banking; employee service behavior.

  Abstract (click)
  Employee behavior plays an important role in convincing bank clients; conversely, there is a scarcity of study which emphasized the individual and professional features of employee behavior and their effects on client`s satisfaction. Therefore, this study provides a good detail regarding influence of bank employee service behavior on customer satisfaction. Sample population was 200 clients with functional bank accounts in four commercial banks of Pakistan. A close-ended questionnaire was employed for collection of data by conducting survey. The analysis of data was performed by employing various statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics and multiple regressions. The key findings evidently indicate significant influence of both individual (Individual traits and Individual marketing skills) and professional (Professional knowledge and Professional marketing skills) features of employee behavior on the satisfaction of clients. This study also showed that individual features of service behavior of employee have great influence on the satisfaction of clients than professional aspects. Finally, it found that bank staff's individual and professional features positively and significantly affect satisfaction of their customers; while, individual features have revealed a dominance in forecasting the clients' satisfaction.




• MEDIATING ROLES OF WORK AUTONOMY AND LEADER-FOLLOWER EXCHANGES IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK ENGAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR

  Roohollah Samiee* (Department of Management, AliAbad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, AliAbad Katoul, IRAN ),
  Hossein DidehKhani (Department of Industrial Engineering, AliAbad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, AliAbad Katoul, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.48

  Keywords: Job autonomy; Staff's attitude; Leader-member exchange; Smart PLS; Leader-follower interaction.

  Abstract (click)
  This study investigated the relationship between work engagement and organizational citizenship behavior at organizational and personal levels, regarding the mediating role of work independence and leaderfollower exchange. Descriptive, survey and correlational research methods were used as a research design. Of 130 staffs working in Islamic Azad University of Ali Abad Katoul, 97 were randomly selected based on Krejcie and Morgan Table. In order to collect the required data, field and desk research methodologies, as well as questionnaires, were employed. Furthermore, descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling, and Smart PLS software were utilized to analyze the data. According to the result of the study it is highly recommended that organizations managers consider and pay attention to job analysis, job engineering and scrutinizing the personal characteristics and mental and physical state of the workers while organizing and designing jobs and organizational posts and assigning responsibilities for different workers, therefore, they can improve the staffs’ tendencies and sentiments towards organizational tasks; in other words, the staffs will be more passionately engaged in their works.




• EVALUATING THE ABSORPTION RATE OF MACRO AND MICROELEMENTS IN THE LEAF OF GRAPE Sefid Bidaneh cv. UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

  Mohammad Aslanpour (Mohammad Omar Aziz) *(Department of Horticulture, University of Raparin Rania, Sulaimany, IRAQ ),
  Hamed Doulati Baneh (Horticulture Crops Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Uremia, IRAN ),
  Ali Tehranifar, Mahmoud Shoor (Horticultural Sciences and Landscape Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.49

  Keywords: Water stress condition; Sefid Bidaneh Grape; Drought resistance; Mycorrhiza plant; Glomus fungi; Horticulture; Grapevine.

  Abstract (click)
  In order to determine the effects of root inoculation of grape Sefid bidaneh cv. with three species of mycorrhiza fungus namely G. fasiculatum, G. intraradices and G. mosseae on the absorption of macro and microelements including phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium in leaf under drought conditions, an experiment was designed in a factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that an increase in drought stress resulted in the reduction in macro and micronutrients absorption, and inoculation with mycorrhiza fungus could have a positive effect on the greater absorption of these elements compared to control. The amount of leaf phosphorus in the treatment of G. fasiculatum was the highest so that it showed a significant difference from G. mosseae and control treatments. The highest amount of potassium was found in G. mosseae treatment that showed a significant difference from other treatments. Based on the results, G. fasiculatum treatment had the highest content of magnesium, while the lowest rate was obtained in G. intraradices treatment.




• HOW DOES THE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION COME FROM? A MULTILEVEL FRAMEWORK

  Farhad Abbasi(Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, IRAN ),
  Mahmoud Motavasseli*(Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, IRAN ),
  Mohammad Reza Zali, Nezameddin Faghih, Mohammad Reza Meigounpoory (Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.50

  Keywords: Innovation occurrence; Innovation and Entrepreneurship; Human needs; Innovation product; Innovation process; Source of new product.

  Abstract (click)
  Technological Innovations pass through different passages or communities, hence are the multi-level phenomenon. The source of technological innovation is still an open question. The aim of this article is to contribute innovation literature by developing a multilevel conceptual framework for the process of technological innovations occurrence. The contemporary literature source of innovation is fragmented, and the dominant typology is based on the one side, supply or demand. The research focus on both demand and supply sides simultaneously are rarely observed. For successful innovations, simultaneous attention is needed on the supply and demand sides. The alternative typology is likely to be a minor step towards a theory on the innovations occurrence. In this research, we discovered the basis of the innovations types proposed by Schumpeter a hundred years ago, and so far remained mysterious. This framework is likely to be a step towards to uncover and identify the areas of innovations occurrence which can support policymakers in the field.




• METAL-CERAMIC ENCLOSURE FOR SURFACE MOUNTING

  Svetlana A. Mikaeva*, Maxim I. Boichuk, Angela S. Mikaeva(Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, "MIREA - Russian Technological University" RUSSIA ),
  Olga E. Zheleznikova(Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Mordovian State National Research University named after N.P. Ogaryov", RUSSIA )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.51

  Keywords: Digital temperature compensated crystal oscillators; Solder joint; Eutectic tin-lead solder; Metal-ceramic enclosures; Electronic industry.

  Abstract (click)
  The paper is devoted to the problem of brittle fracture in gold being a component in soldered joints between the leads from a metal-ceramic vibrator enclosure and internal pads in a digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator enclosure when working on creation of a prototype batch of temperature compensated crystal oscillators GK-362 having an intended frequency. In the course of work, the gold concentration in the soldered joint was calculated and the interaction between the eutectic tin-lead solder with the internal pads of the digital thermally compensated crystal oscillators was described, and the data on characteristics of the material of the pads in the digital temperature compensated crystal oscillators were obtained to improve the quality of the soldered joints. Requirements for the material of the pads of the digital temperature compensated crystal oscillator enclosures were formulated to avoid brittle fracture in gold contained in soldered joints with the leads from a metal-ceramic vibrator enclosure. Recommendations for the production of higher quality products are given.




• MODEL DEVELOPEMENT FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF SMART ORGANIZATIONS: CASE STUDY OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY ORGANIZATION

  Taher Pazireh (Management and Human Resources Program, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, IRAN ),
  Gholamreza Rahimi, Farhad Nejad Irani, Nader Bohlouli (Department of Governmental Management, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.52

  Keywords: Flexible organization; smartization; least square method; decision-making; Service Innovation; Organization smartness.

  Abstract (click)
  Rapid developments and globalization are among the environmental issues that are faced by organizations these days. Thus, organizations are required to adapt to such environments whose levels of complexity, inconsistency, and uncertainty are increasing constantly. In such a condition, organizations need to identify the factors affecting their flexibility smartization, and the capability of providing logical reaction, discovering opportunities, and reducing the risks in a highly competitive environment, so that to become consistent with the conditions and, thus, survive. In this study, Structural Equation Modeling was applied by using Least Squares Method and SmartPLS software to test questions and accuracy of the model. The results showed that the variables learning organization, the organization's comprehensive smartness, organizational communications, organizational management, and systemic thinking are reflection of the smart organization. Among these variables, the most influential was organizational management. The results showed a significant positive relationship between the level and components of smart organization in the Social Security Organization. This finding revealed that organizations, effectively using such systems, can achieve higher levels of systemic development and enjoy improved sets of data that enhance the overall quality of their decision-making capabilities in various situations.




• A NOVEL AND EFFICIENT METHOD FOR ROMAN TO URDU TRANSLITERATION VIA HEURISTICS-BASED SEARCHING ON PARSE TREES

  Sayam Qazi, Humera Tariq* (Department of Computer Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, PAKISTAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.53

  Keywords: Emission Frequencies; Terminal Frequencies; Transitional Frequencies; Zipf Law; Hash Map; Heat Map; Roman Urdu; Path Unfolding; Depth First Search.

  Abstract (click)
  Roman text still forms the significant part of Urdu Data on Internet and there exist ample room for improvement particularly in this domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Existing Systems for Roman to Urdu Transliteration possesses their own strengths but work still need to be done to improve their performance. The objective of this particular research is to build a reliable Roman to Urdu Transliteration Batch Processing System with least number of manual corrections required at the user end, thus enhancing the efficiency and reliability of existing and proposed transliteration systems. Parse Tree, Transliteration Tree and novel Heuristic function have been proposed by observing key characteristic of Roman Urdu language. The work has been concluded by giving a benchmark of the proposed solution in terms of computational complexity, performance, and accuracy. Correct transliteration with high score has been found up to 78%, with a low score they found to be 21% while the wrong transliteration would be only 0.53% for all tested word. Some limitations of the algorithms which are: (1) Sometimes it gets the translation correct but ranks are too low to be within the tolerance. This can be mitigated by using a better heuristic function. (2) Sometimes it generates too many correct translations which are in principle correct but invalid when considering the context.




• AN INVESTIGATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORNING AND EVENING PERSONALITIES AND THE RATE OF JOB BURNOUT IN NURSES USING MASLASH MODEL (CASE STUDY)

  Laleh Noroozi (Department of Human Resources Management, Faculty of Management, Azad University of Dehaghan, IRAN ),
  Diana Gandomfeshan (Department of Business Administration Faculty of Management and Economic, Payame Noor University (PNU), IRAN )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.54

  Keywords: Depersonalization; Emotional Exhaustion; Reduction of Personality Competence; Personal Competence Feeling Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).

  Abstract (click)
  Understanding the personality of people in the behavior context is important for organizations. Every aspect of human resource planning, morale, motivation, emotions, employee characteristics, and also factors that cause dissatisfaction and job burnout which result into poor quality of work and absenteeism should be considered in order to achieve efficiency and productivity improvement, quality increase and reduce costs of human resource management and supplement. Because all organizations are seeking sustainable competitive advantages. Considering the importance of the issue, the main goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between morning and evening characters and the severity of nurses' job burnout by using a case study of the Maslach model. The statistical population includes nurses of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Eghlid city of Iran in 2014, with an estimated number of 117 people. The sample size was 90 using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) and Cohen (1992) statistical method, due to the fact that the number of people in the community is small. The results show that there is a strong and positive relationship between morning and evening personalities and job burnout.




• ECONOMICS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN MODERN RUSSIA: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

  Bruz Vladimir Vilenovich (Moscow State Regional University, Moscow, RUSSIA )
  

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  doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.55

  Keywords: Engineering products; Labor productivity; Investment resources; Small and medium-sized enterprises; Non-primary exports; Modern technologies; Sanctions

  Abstract (click)
  The article deals with some problems of the Russia modern economy, as well as issues of public administration. The urgency of economic problems is caused both by foreign policy (unfair competition connected with application of sanctions), and with internal, conditioned structural features of the Russian economy, low productivity, deficit of investment resources, weak development of small and medium entrepreneurship, insufficient development of non-raw export, deficit of modern technologies and some others. The problems of public administration are related to the growing number of functions of Federal Executive bodies, the increase in the number of inspections and their extreme inefficiency. This article analyzes the state and the main problems of the modern Russian economy and public administration; to find out the main reasons for them, to consider the goals and objectives facing the state in this regard and ways to solve them. The study methods includes dialectical method, method of analysis, synthesis, comparative-historical, statistical, problem-chronological, methods of actualization, concrete and logical analysis. The study finds that the problems of the modern Russian economy are due to a number of objective and subjective factors. Some of them are associated with external factors, unfair competition of Western partners, especially the United States, using economic sanctions to achieve geopolitical superiority and ensure their national interests. However, most of the problems of the Russian economy are due to internal reasons. First of all, we are talking about the need to increase labor productivity, provide favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, reorientation of the economy from the export of hydrocarbons to the export of non-raw materials, high-tech products, solving problems associated with investment, active development and introduction of modern technologies. It seems that without a highly effective, scientifically sound professional public administration, the solution of the problems facing the economy of Russia will be impossible.











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