FEATURE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE

• ESTIMATION OF PROVINCIAL MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX (MPI) OF PAKISTAN

  Rifat Mahmood, Ijaz Hussain (Department of Economics, Gomal University, Dera Islami Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PAKISTAN).
  

  Disciplinary: Economic Sciences, Poverty and Wellbeing Studies, Socio-Economic Study, South Asia Study.

  ➤ FullText

  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.264

  Keywords: Poverty indices; MPI; Multidimensional poor; Pakistan's provinces; Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; Punjab; Sindh; Baluchistan; Poverty dimension; Poverty indicators; PSLM; Poverty measurement; Household poverty; Headcount ratio; Poverty assessment; Average poverty.

  Abstract
  Poverty has multidimensional aspects. That is, it does not only capture the lack of consumption expenditure in terms of food poverty, but it also considers education, sanitation, housing, health, and other aspects as well. Thus, the assessment of poverty also considers the incorporation of all aspects during its assessment phase. Therefore, the new methodology of poverty assessment captures these deficiencies/deprivations that people face. The paper estimates the multidimensional poverty index (MPI), by considering five dimensions i.e. the quality of housing, health facility, education, basic needs, and living standards with 11 indicators. The theme of this paper is to consider all dimensions right at the time of poverty assessment, not to consider after the poverty assessment (as effects of poverty). This will clearly explain the multidimensional aspects of poverty assessment. This study will adopt a methodology used by Alkire and Foster (2007). This study used PSLM (Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey, Round VII, 2013-14), which is micro-level data covered eighteen thousand households at the provincial level collected by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. This study finds that the nation-wise headcount ratio is 87% and MPI is 35%. The provinces with the highest MPI are seen in Sindh and Balochistan by 40% and minimum MPI are noticed in the provinces Punjab by 31% followed by Kyber Pakhtunwa by 34%.
  

  Paper ID: 11A13R

  Cite this article:

  Mahmood, R., and Hussain, I. (2020). ESTIMATION OF PROVINCIAL MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX (MPI) OF PAKISTAN. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 11(13), 11A13R, 1-10.

  
  
  

  References:

  Abraham, R.A., Kumar, K.S.K. (2008). Multidimensional Poverty and Vulnerability. Economic and Political Weekly, 43(20), 77-79.

  Alkire, S. & Foster, J. (2007). Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. OPHI Working Paper 7, Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative, University of Oxford. https://ophi.org.uk/working-paper-number-07 Accessed: July 2019.

  Christiaensen, L., Scott, C., & Wodon, Q. (2002). Poverty measurement and analysis. World Bank. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45362/1/MPRA_paper_45362.pdf Accessed October 2019.

  Duclos, J.Y., Sahn, D., & Younger, S.D. (2006). Robust multidimensional spatial poverty comparisons in Ghana, Madagascar, and Uganda. The World Bank Economic Review, 20(1), 91-113.

  Laderchi, R.C. (1997). Poverty and its many dimensions: The role of income as an indicator. Oxford Development Studies, 25(3), 345-360.

  Mahmood, R., Hussain, I. (2020). Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for Urban and Rural Regions of Pakistan. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 11(12), 11A12G, 1-13. DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.232

  Sen, A. (1976). Poverty: An ordinal approach to measurement. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 219-231.

  Thomas, B.K., Muradian, R., De Groot, G., & De Ruijter, A. (2009). Multidimensional poverty and identification of poor households: A case from Kerala, India. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 10(2), 237-257.

  Tsui, K.Y. (2002). Multidimensional poverty indices. Social choice and welfare, 19(1), 69-93.

  UNDP. (2013). The Rise of the South Human Development Report. United Nations Development Program. http://hdr.undp.org/en/2013-report Accessed November 2019.

  von Maltzahn, R., & Durrheim, K. (2008). Is poverty multidimensional? A comparison of income and asset-based measures in five Southern African countries. Social Indicators Research, 86(1), 149-162.

  World Bank. (1990). Poverty in Pakistan in the 1990: An interim assessment report. http://web.worldbank.org/archive/website00827/WEB/PDF/PAKIST-3.PDF Accessed November 2019.

  World Bank. (2000). The World Development Report 2000. Oxford University Press. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPOVERTY/Resources/WDR/approutl.pdf Accessed October 2019.