International Transaction Journal of Engineering,
Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies

FEATURE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES

• RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POSITIVITY, POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS AMONG CARDIAC PATIENTS: MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED STRESS

  Abdul Sattar Ghaffari (Zhongtai Securities, Institute for Financial Studies, School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, CHINA),
  Malik Mureed Hussain (Department of Psychology International Islamic University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN),
  Muhammad Tahir (School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, CHINA),
  Shagufta Bibi (School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, CHINA),
  Arslan Khalid(Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, CHINA).
  

  Disciplinary: Health Sciences & Management, Psychological Sciences..

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.121

  Keywords: Heart diseases; Positivity; Perceived stress scale; Positive effects; Negative effects; Cardiac disorder; Negative affectivity; Response to stress.

  Abstract
  The number of factors involved in the development of negative effects among patients suffering in cardiovascular disorder. The psycho-social risk factors, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, exhaustion, anger, and negative affect develop negative emotions in cardiovascular patients. A high positive affect independently relates to decreased cardiovascular disease ratio, whereas low positive affect predicts adverse cardiovascular consequences. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between positivity, positive and negative effects by using perceived stress as a mediating factor among cardiac patients. We recruited 519 cardiac patients aged 20-73 years. All participants provided written informed consent. .Assessments included the positivity Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Negative and Positive Affect Scale. The results indicated that the perceived stress intermediate between positive and negative affect and stress also negatively affects the emotional relationship. Positivity had an opposite relationship with the negative effect and the perceived stress negative relationship with positive effect. Whereas; the negative effect was a significant positive relationship with perceived stress. The positive emotions are helpful for cardiac patients to reduce the negative feelings which cause to enhance the stress factor. Stress factors can be reduced by patient awareness, using stress prevention strategies and well-being interventions.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07A




• FINANCIAL MECHANISM FOR COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT: VECTOR APPROACH

  Lyudmila Zaporozhtseva (Department of Finance and Credit, Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great 1, RUSSIA),
  Victoria Malitskaya (Accounting and Taxation Department, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, RUSSIA),
  Maria Chirkova (Accounting and Audit Department, Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great 1, RUSSIA),
  Yuliya Tkacheva (Department of Finance and Credit, Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great 1, RUSSIA),
  Irina Kuznetsova (Accounting and Audit Department, Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great 1, RUSSIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Animal Sciences (Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.122

  Keywords: Golden economic rule; Financial development vector, Strategy; Operational analysis; Sustainable development strategy; Enterprise financial strategy.

  Abstract
  The assessment of modern ideas of the economic essence of the development of a commercial organization is carried out, by which we are invited to understand its irreversible change, under the influence of which qualitative and quantitative indicators are updated. There was revealed their dependence on the indicator of economic value added (EVA) and the Golden Economic Rule. As a result, it is proposed to understand the financial way to develop the commercial organization as the totality of changes in financial indicators that are formed under conditions of criteria-based compliance with the golden economic rule and the creation of economic added value. Based on a combination of interpreted results according to the criteria for the formation of the financial way, three scenarios are identified, each of which corresponds to a certain financial way of the development of the enterprise. A calculation is presented for the identification of Phoenix limited liability company (LLC) based on our proposed methodology for assessing the formation of the financial development vector. The second way is proposed, namely the adjustment of the strategy of Phoenix LLC in terms of profit management based on the application of operational analysis, sensitivity analysis, and the multivariate calculation method. The set course of the target financial way will allow Phoenix LLC to increase the scale of its activity, increase capacity and ensure an increase in competitive advantages.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07B




• APPLICATIONS OF ONLINE VIDEO CONFERENCING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: CASE OF SAUDI ARABIA

  Amer Nasser Alshahrani, Irfan Naufal Umar, Mariam Mohammed (School of Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Education Sciences (Information Technology in Education).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.123

  Keywords: e-Video conferencing; Higher education; Student development; Lifelong learning; Online Meetings & Video Conferencing; Supervision.

  Abstract
  Students' engagement in online learning is one of the ongoing challenges in most Saudi universities, which mainly concern about making them more independent and to take charge of their own decisions. Previous studies showed that traditional supervision faces several problems related to students' feelings of control that may occur when there is a limited clarification of the concept being studied. This study investigated the potential of using videoconferencing in supervision practices. Fifteen students were invited for an interview. The results showed that students' general perceptions of videoconferencing use were positive in which the majority of students were found to favor the use of videoconferencing as a supplement to the face-to-face approach. This study would provide insights on how teleconferencing related services can empower the current supervision practices through the use of structure and formed dialogues between students and supervisors.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07C




• FACTORS AFFECTING THE HOUSEHOLD DIETARY DIVERSITY PATTERN IN RURAL AREAS OF SOUTHERN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

  Maria Iftikhar, Muhammad Asim Yasin, Rafaqet Ali, Samiullah, Muhammad Imran Khan, Nazish Iftikhar (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Multan Road, Vehari, PAKISTAN).
  

  Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Economic and Management Science, Nutrition Science).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.124

  Keywords: Household dietary diversity score (HDDS); HDDP; Household characteristics; Ordered logistic regression.

  Abstract
  This study has been designed to examine the household characteristics that affect the household dietary diversity pattern in rural areas of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Household Dietary Diversity Pattern (HDDP) indicates the economic ability of a household to access a variety of foods. Apparently, HDDP is simple but affected by many collaborative factors. HDDP is multidimensional in nature. It depends on four important components: availability, stability, accessibility, and utilization. So, there are many socio-economic characteristics that can affect HDDP. Primary data was collected from 300 rural households. A detailed questionnaire was developed by following the guidelines of FAO for seeking information from the respondents. The ordered logistic regression was used for data analysis. The results of this study indicate that estimated coefficients of education, income, land size and livestock affect positively household dietary diversity score. The estimated coefficient of the age of household head, family size of household and time to reach the main market affect negatively household dietary diversity score. The study also suggested important policy recommendations to improve the dietary diversity score of rural households.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07D




• MEASURING EXTENDED ROLES OF E-COMMERCE INCLUSION FOR THE ACCOMPLISHMENT OF WEBSITE SERVICE QUALITY FOR CUSTOMER SATISFACTION USING WEBQUAL MODEL: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF SAUDI ARABIAN AIRLINES

  Moteb Ayesh Al-Bugami (Department of Management Information System, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA),
  Mairaj Salim (Department of Marketing, School of Business Studies, Shobhit University, INDIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Management and Information Science.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.125

  Keywords: Eservice quality; Online royalty; Webqual model; eSatisfaction; ANOVA; Web design and Booking.

  Abstract
  This research paper examines the role of the e-commerce service quality on Saudi airlines using a Webqual model. The Webqual model has been widely used to measure the perception of service quality. The study sample, with 317 respondents, uses a Likert scale and a questionnaire with 32 items on service quality about Saudi Arabian Airlines. Data on gender, age, income, education, Alfursan Saudi Airline memers and jobs of respondents were used in the correlation of the study. To identify and analyze the significant differences of opinion between and within the groups, the popular statistical t-test, and ANOVA test were applied by using SPSS software highlighting more detailed study findings. The analysis of 317 respondents shows that gender, age, income, job education group and Alfursan members are not highly satisfied with the website service quality of Saudi Airlines. The analysis also shows the hypothesis is accepted in all respondents groups.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07E




• HOW DOES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND BANK EFFICIENCY? EVIDENCE FROM ASEAN COUNTRIES

  Toan Ngoc Bui (Faculty of Finance and Banking, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City (IUH), VIETNAM).
  

  Disciplinary: Economic and Financial Science.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.126

  Keywords: Banking system; Financial development; GDP growth; GMM; Bank return on assets (ROA); Bank return on equity (ROE); Bank net interest margin (NIM); Bank lending-deposit spread (LD).

  Abstract
  This article examines the relationship between economic growth and bank efficiency in ASEAN countries for 2004-2017. The Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) is used to estimate the study model. Based on the World Bank's financial development indicators, this article measures the bank efficiency through four indicators, including bank return on assets (ROA), bank return on equity (ROE), bank net interest margin (NIM), bank lending-deposit spread (LD). This measure has a great advantage when considering the bank efficiency in many different aspects, instead of just looking at the bank efficiency from a single perspective, or the development of the banking system through the amount of credit provided to the economy as mentioned in the previous studies, which is a new feature of this study compared to the previous studies. The study results reveal a positive relationship between bank efficiency and economic growth. This study results are the first empirical evidence on such a relationship between economic growth and bank efficiency in ASEAN countries. This study vital results, ASEAN countries will have the basis to propose the policies to promote the development of the banking system associated with economic growth more effectively and sustainably.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07F




• EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE ON HR OUTCOMES IN THE SAUDI PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES

  Mohammed A. Alwaheeb (Faculty of Management and Information Systems, College of Business Administration, University of Ha'il, Hail, SAUDI ARABIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Science (HRM), Higher Education (Faculty Development).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.127

  Keywords: Saudi Universities; HRM; Organizational Climate; Saudi Arabia; Institutional structure; Employee satisfaction; Employee relation; Employee retention.

  Abstract
  The research focused on determining the effects of organizational climate on HR outcomes, and on narrowing down the investigation, Saudi Public Universities are taken into consideration. Organizational climate refers to the perception of employees towards the culture of the workplace environment. Organizational climate affects the outcome of the human resource as it directly impacts the motivation and productivity of employees. In this research, the HR outcomes like employee satisfaction, employee relations, and employee retention are taken into consideration whether these are affected because of organizational climate or not. The primary data sources include a self-administered questionnaire that consists of close-ended questions with Likert scale. From the results, it is noted that Employee Retention represents a strong relationship with the organizational climate and other dependent variables also show a positive relationship with the independent variable.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07G




• PREPARATION OF OXO METHACRYLATE-CONTAINING POLYMER/CLAY BASED NANOCOMPOSITES

  Nevin Cankaya (Department of Chemistry, Usak University, Usak, TURKEY).
  

  Disciplinary: Chemistry.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.128

  Keywords: MPAEMA; Nanofiller; Polymer/clay nanocomposite; Organoclay; Thermal stability; In-situ polymerization.

  Abstract
  In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and thermal properties of poly(2-(4-methoxyphenyl amino)-2-oxoethyl methacrylate) (MPAEMA) polymer/organoclay based nanocomposites were investigated by in situ polymerization. Firstly, OVHAC organoclay that modified with vinylbenzyldimethylhexadecyl ammonium chloride (VHAC), and MPAEMA monomer were re-synthesized according to the literature. FTIR, XRD, and SEM technique was used in characterization of nanomaterials, and TGA/DTA/DTG simultaneous system was used for thermal characterization of nanomaterials. It was observed from these analyzes that nanocomposite, which was synthesized with the use of high proportion of clay, had an intercalated structure.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07H




• URBANISATION IN AJMAN PUSHING BY HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

  Julaihi Wahid (Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, University Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA),
  Bassim Saleh, Mohammad Shihadeh A.Arar, Jihad Awad (Department of Architecture Engineering College of Engineering Ajman University, Al Jurf, Ajman, UAE).
  

  Disciplinary: Architecture and Town Planning, Urbanization, Migration, and Mobility Studies, Sustainability Development.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.129

  Keywords: Urban Housing; Land-use plan; Emirates of UAE; Housing development; Urban morphology; Migrant workers; City planning; Ajman Emirate.

  Abstract
  This paper establishes the context of housing and urbanisation in Ajman. Changes in land use are pressing on a pattern of settlement. One central issue concerning the UAE is the fast track development in the newly peri-urban areas with the construction of infrastructure, although most areas are barren desert. Due to the urban sprawl from Dubai and nearby cities, there is an issue of growing importance in light of urban urgency for housing in Ajman. The increasing housing demand is due to expatriates looking for accommodations. The UAE national housing program is catering to its citizens. However, the growth of housing development pushes for immediate action on the city systems planning. The rush to supply housing without paying attention to the detailed aspects of housing design, and focusing mainly on functional vitality requirements without considering the long-term impact on urban morphology and urban design will adversely affect the environmental policy of development in Ajman. As housing supply growth, a wise idea is to check the increasing concern over the long-run economic growth and the infrastructure connecting the other Emirates and the Gulf Cooperation Council (G.C.C) states. Hence, this paper delves into the nature of urban housing in the Emirates by focusing on Ajman in parallel to a projection of economic and physical development. The research mixed-method bases on primary and secondary data with mapping techniques, informal interviews, observations, photography and visual analysis to analyze the consequences of housing development and its impact on land-use and pace of urbanisation. The findings cover the morphology of Ajman city, the price index of housing affordability and patterns development according to urbanisation rate concerning the needs and progress of the Emirates.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07I




• MAXIMUM EMPIRICAL LIKELIHOOD AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO GENERALIZED METHOD OF MOMENTS FOR A FINITE SAMPLE CASE

  Gulfam Haider, Abdul Jabbar (School of Economics, International Islamic University Islamabad, PAKISTAN),
  Mudassar Rashid (Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad, PAKISTAN).
  

  Disciplinary: Economics and Econometrics.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.130

  Keywords: GMM; MEL; Entropy Maximization; Biasness; Endogeneity; Non-parametric approach; Information Theoretic Approach.

  Abstract
  The study explored the implications of Maximum empirical likelihood (MEL) as an alternative approach to the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) on a real economic model using finite samples. The literature frequently discussed that the MEL has good finite samples properties in contrast to GMM however, it has not been tested empirically. This study used the MEL approach to an economic model that has finite samples and endogeneity problems. For this purpose, the most famous economic model Keynesian consumption function is used using data of several countries with a small sample of thirty observations. The analysis found that elasticity estimated by MEL and GMM is significantly different and in some cases, the differences are drastically high. It is believed that such differences are due to poor finite sample properties of GMM. Thus, the study suggests that GMM provides biased and less efficient estimates in finite samples. Therefore, the researchers are recommended to use MEL rather than GMM to estimate economic models having a problem of endogeneity in a finite sample.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07J




• OPTIMAL CONTROL AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS MODEL WITH FAST AND SLOW PROGRESSION

  Rabiu Aliyu Abdulkadir, Parvaneh Esmaili (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, TURKEY).
  

  Disciplinary: Epidemiology, Biocomputing, Medical Science (Public Health).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.131

  Keywords: Epidemic model; Cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER); Pontryagin Maximum Principle (PMP); Optimization control; Cost analysis; Disease control strategy; Epidemic numerical simulations.

  Abstract
  Designing feasible and cost-effective control interventions for the eradication of epidemic diseases is a daunting task. Mathematical modelling and control system theory provide efficient tools that can be employed to analyse and understand the dynamics of the disease and its control. Nevertheless, finding optimal control strategies for epidemic models is cumbersome, owing to the stringent need for balancing the dissenting demands of the control goal and minimising the cost of implementing the control actions. This study proposed the application of optimal control theory to a Tuberculosis (TB) model with slow and fast progression, seeking to reduce or eliminate the prevalence of TB and minimise the cost of implementation of the control. The optimal controls are characterised using the Pontryagin maximum principle and solved numerically. Moreover, a cost-effectiveness analysis is performed by using an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). The results indicated that disease control policy that combined vaccine, case finding and case holding interventions would successfully curtail the prevalence of TB.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07K




• DUAL-BAND HELICAL ANTENNAS FOR NAVIGATION RECEIVERS

  Nikolay Mikhailovich Legkiy (Department of Radio Engineering and Telecommunication Systems, MIREA - Russian Technological University, RUSSIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Radio-frequency Engineering, Geomatics Engineering, GPS/GLONASS/GNSS Technology.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.132

  Keywords: Antenna phase center; Nested helical antenna; Antenna modeling; GNSS antenna; Helical antenna; Multi-frequency antenna.

  Abstract
  This paper presents a design of a dual-band helical antenna for tracking navigation signals. There were done several calculations and modeling as well were studied characteristics of a prototype model. Nested helical antennas have the advantage to form independently their radiation patterns and to fit together with their phase centers. This advantage can be used to design the radiators of multi-frequency parabolic reflector antennas with rotating polarization.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07L




• BAMBOO APPLICATION IN BUILDING DESIGN: CASE STUDY OF GREEN SCHOOL, BALI, INDONESIA

  Bambang Karsono (Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, University Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA),
  Mohamad Shihadeh A. Arar (Department of Architecture Engineering College of Engineering Ajman University, Al Jurf, Ajman, UAE),
  Julaihi Wahid, (Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, University Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA),
  Bassim Saleh (Department of Architecture Engineering College of Engineering Ajman University, Al Jurf, Ajman, UAE).
  

  Disciplinary: Architecture (Green/Sustainable Architecture).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.133

  Keywords: Bamboo architecture; Creative design; Sustainable design; Green architecture; Green building material; Bamboo school building; Local value.

  Abstract
  Bamboo has been known widely as a material for buildings since the dawn of the century. Nevertheless, bamboo is often regarded as a low-class building material which has commonly used by low-income people. Since the issue of global warming and sustainability, bamboo became a focus for building material due to its sustenance and fast growth in the natural environment. Architects and builders alike started to choose bamboo as an alternative to wood. Furthermore, it is difficult to get good-quality woods for construction and historically, a vast tract of land has been ruined due to deforestation that caused an adverse effect on the surroundings. This paper attempts to discuss the properties of bamboo and how it is inventively applied in building design. Descriptive-qualitative methods were used in this study to reveal an understanding of the application of bamboo in building design. To further enhance the finding and context of discussing a case study on how bamboo has been used in designing the structure in an innovative organic form. The result from this research found out that bamboo is noble to be considered as an alternative material in building design due to its natural properties, exclusively for curvilinear organic-form building that hardly achieved in steel and concrete.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07M




• NEXUS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY AND INVESTMENT EFFICIENCY

  Irfan-Ullah, Usman Ayub, Hashim Khan (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (Financial Management).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.134

  Keywords: Asset side accruals quality; Liability side accruals quality; Earnings management; Adverse selection; Moral hazard.

  Abstract
  In this paper, the bi-directional relationship between financial reporting quality and investment efficiency is examined. Prior studies suggest that financial reporting quality improves the investment efficiency of firms. Using firm-level data one measure of financial reporting quality namely liability side accrual quality confirms this association. Further, we find that firms involve in accruals earnings management thereby decreasing financial reporting quality in an attempt to conceal firm performance from outsiders. Our measure of investment efficiency excessively predicts financial reporting quality. This relationship can be seen for both proxies of financial reporting quality- asset side accruals quality and liability side accruals quality. Results on the two-way relationship between variables are robust even when we use total accruals quality as an alternative proxy of financial reporting quality.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07N




• FACTORS INFLUENCING ISLAMIC BANKING ADOPTION: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN

  Muhammad Yar Khan (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Wah Campus, PAKISTAN),
  Faiza Saleem (Department of Management Sciences, University of Wah, Wah Cantt, PAKISTAN),
  Majid Jamal Khan (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Wah Campus, PAKISTAN),
  Shahab Ud Din (Department of Business Administration, Karakoram International University, Ghizer Campus, PAKISTAN).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (Banking)

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.135

  Keywords: Bank Reputation; Consumer Attitudes; Consumer Behavior; Customer Surveys; Developing Countries; Islamic non-interest banking; Pakistan's banking.

  Abstract
  This study aims to examine the major factors influencing the Islamic Banking (IB) adoption of Pakistani customers. The data is collected from 279 conventional bank customers based in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. A descriptive statistical analysis, discriminant validity, and regression analysis are used to perform the analyses. With religious beliefs, values, life trends and banking behavior reveal that bank reputation, Islamic banking performance, and its compatibility impacts the usage intention positively and significantly. The perceived risk and complexity cast a negative influence on the intention of Islamic banking customers. Further, finding shows that the buyers of IB products have limited knowledge in Pakistan. This study could assist the practitioners as well as academicians in developing appropriate and effective policies to fascinate potential consumers. Regarding originality, this study is among the earliest studies conducted in the Pakistani context using Roger's diffusion innovation theory to interpret the intentions of the customers to adopt Islamic banking.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07O




• ANALYSIS OF THE REGIONAL CONSUMER MARKET DEVELOPMENT: A CASE OF LIPETSK REGION

  Natalya Nikolaevna Zyuzina (Department of State, Municipal Management and Business Technologies, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, RUSSIA),
  Pavel Anatolyevich Krovopuskov (Department of Design and Artistic Processing of Materials, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, RUSSIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Management Sciences (Marketing).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.136

  Keywords: Government regulation; market economy; Consumer market development policy; Lipetsk region consumer market; Retail sales; Agricultural trading; eMarketing for agricultural products; Online price monitoring.

  Abstract
  The consumer market is a sphere of the direct economic impact on a person and a factor of political stability in society. Therefore, any economic and political difficulties most quickly and acutely affect the state of the consumer market. Balancing the consumer market in terms of prices, quantity, and quality of goods is not only a necessary component of an efficient economy but also the basis for assessing the quality of population life. The state and development of the consumer market seem to be an insufficiently studied scientific topic in Russia, and therefore a rather difficult practical task. The Russian regional differences have a significant impact on the form of certain market economy laws manifestation. In this regard, there is a need to study market relations in their regional manifestations. In addition, the specific properties of goods and services sold on the consumer market, determine a high degree of its localization, close relationship with a specific territory and its population.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07P




• EVALUATION ON ROAD TRANSPORT PROJECTS INVESTMENT AND PROPOSALS DEVELOPMENT FOR THEIR IMPROVEMENT IN RUSSIA

  Sergey Shulzhenko (National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, RUSSIA),
  Alexander Scherbakov (Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering: Saint Petersburg, RUSSIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Civil Engineering (Transportation & Management).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.137

  Keywords: Transport schemes, Network models, Economic factors, Public transport; Road investment efficiency.

  Abstract
  Russian modern road infrastructure is an inter-industry system that transforms the conditions of life of society as a whole and individual economic entity. With the provisions of the Russian Federation Transport strategy, development of the road network should match the pace of socio-economic development of the state, to meet the transportation needs with the growth of motorization and the integration of the economy into the world economic system. Achieving sustainable economic growth, improving business conditions, carrying out structural reforms and improving the quality of life of the population largely depends on the level of development and technical condition of roads.
  High growth rates of Russian automobile fleet, outpacing the development of the road industry, have led to the emergence of traffic congestion, especially on the approaches to large cities and on the territories of these cities, as well as to the deterioration of the environmental situation. The existing road network does not meet the needs of the country's economic development, which is a limiting factor for the economic development, especially for Tula city, Russia.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07Q




• MEASUREMENT OF ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES EFFECT ON FOOD ITEMS CONSUMPTION PATTERN IN PAKISTAN

  Kausar Naheed, Ijaz Hussain (Department of Economics, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, PAKISTAN),
  Khair Uz Zaman (Institute of Information & Technology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, PAKISTAN),
  Naimat Ullah Babar (Institute of Social Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, PAKISTAN).
  

  Disciplinary: Economic Sciences, Culture and Consumption Studies, Food and Nutrition Sciences.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.138

  Keywords: Working-Leser Model (WLM); Consumption demand; Food items; Food consumption; Food expenditure; OLS.

  Abstract
  Food is a basic need for all human beings and has a vast influence on households. In this regard, it becomes vital for a developing country like Pakistan, to get an advantage over the information about food demand determinants to project inclusive social policy towards agricultural food to develop the availability of food items that helps in building the household strength towards a better life. To measure the effects of different variables affecting food items consumption patterns in Pakistan, the study is being conducted using Working-Leser Approach, an econometric model. In Pakistan, as real income increases, the pattern for consumption suffers substantially and experiencing over time variations. Thus, decisions for investment need to be intended by agreeing for consumption patterns towards foods. In this connection, through OLS, regression analysis was done thereby testing the data regarding nine food items (fruit, pulse, sugar, vegetables, ghee, cereals, milk, tea, and meat). The mainstream variables, in the Pakistani context, have a major influence on ghee, cereals, and meat. In this regard, fruit & pulse are influenced by these variables on a secondary basis. Likewise, sugar & vegetables are on the respective series. However, the age of the household head does not influence the consumption of any of nine food items in consideration.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07R




• THE ORIGINS OF RUSSIAN LIBERAL JURISPRUDENCE: B.A. KISTYAKOVSKY'S PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIOLOGY OF LAW

  Gennady S. Pratsko (Department of Commercial and Entrepreneurial Law, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, RUSSIA),
  Julia I. Isakova (Department of Criminal Law and Criminalistics, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, RUSSIA),
  Olga A. Andreeva (Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Taganrog Institute of Management and Economics, Taganrog, RUSSIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Philosophy, Sociology and Modernization, Law, Political Sciences, History).

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.139

  Keywords: Russian liberalism; Russian revolution; State law; Freedom, Philosophical liberalism; Individual rights; Subjective law, Russian jurisprudence.

  Abstract
  The theories of Russian liberalism were a search for the limits of what is possible in the evolutionary development of the state and law. They proposed various combinations and configurations of models of the transformation of statehood, the concept of revived natural law, constitutionalism, law and freedom, etc., which were the theoretical basis of Russian liberal jurisprudence. The representatives of liberalism were based on the ideas of neo-Kantianism, neolibianism, neo-negaglianism and other currents of Western philosophy, looking for political and legal concepts that could predict and substantiate the future development of the Russian state and law. One of the representatives of the new liberal philosophy was B.A. Kistyakovsky, the importance of his research for modern legal science, practice and the formation of Russian liberal jurisprudence is presented.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07S




• SIMULATION OF SEQUENTIAL PROCESSING OF A MOVING EXTENDED OBJECT

  Nikolay Mikhailovich Mishachev, Anatoly Mikhailovich Shmyrin, Igor Ivanovich Suprunov (Department of Mathematics, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, RUSSIA).
  

  Disciplinary: Mathematical Sciences.

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  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.140

  Keywords: Neighborhood structures; neighborhood systems; conveyor processing; Euler coordinates; Lagrange coordinates.

  Abstract
  In this article, we propose two models for the task of conveyor processing of a moving extended object. As a typical situation of such processing, the problem of cooling the hot rolling strip on the discharge roller table to achieve a given winding temperature profile is considered. The two models under consideration correspond, firstly to Euler coordinates, in which the conveyor base is stationary, and, secondly, to Lagrange coordinates, in which the processed strip is motionless. In both cases, we describe the neighborhood structure for the model, that is, a directed graph whose vertices correspond to the state and control variables of the model. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the two models are discussed.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07T




• A COMPUTER MODEL FOR TRICKLE IRRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGN

  Walid M. A. KHALIFA (Civil Engineering Department, Hail University, SAUDI ARABIA & Civil Engineering Department, Fayoum University, EGYPT).
  

  Disciplinary: Civil Engineering (Irrigation Engineering).

  (Backup file)

  DOI: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2020.141

  Keywords: Computation; model; drip irrigation; emission uniformity; design parameters; crop water requirements; hydraulic design.

  Abstract
  Trickle irrigation systems display the possibility for effective irrigation of rising amount crops and have proven plausible from engineering and agronomic point of view especially in arid and semi-arid zones. A computational model was developed for designing and managing the trickle irrigation systems using the water requirements, irrigation depth, and frequency. The model is composed of several processes as emitter selection according to its discharge and head requirements, determining the allowable variation in subunit pressure head, determining the system configuration and layout (lateral and manifold lengths), positioning of manifolds and designing laterals, designing the manifolds, designing the mainline network and pump unit, and evaluating the trickle system design according to the actual system uniformity. The model was validated by comparing the results with the solved examples. The comparative study revealed that the developed trickle irrigation model achieved good agreements. The developed model is a very helpful tool for water resource engineers for examining and analyzing any design alternatives hydraulically and economically.
  
  Paper ID: 11A07T











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