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Alenogines L. San Diego, Riz Bautista, Sofia C. Naelga (Department of Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) and Technician Teacher Education (DTTed), University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines Mindanao, 9000, PHILIPPINES)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.245
Keywords: Shredded PVC; Recycle polyvinyl chloride; Substituted material; PVC aggregate; Recycle production; Waste recycle; Paver test; Fall test; Paver compression test.
Abstract
Minimizing wastes in Cagayan de Oro Bugo School of Arts and Trades (COBSAT) campus, specifically the increasing volume of sanitary pipes and electrical conduits generically known as Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), triggered off this paper to its initial step. By applying the 3R'™s (reduce, reuse and recycle) method in minimizing waste products, the PVC wastes were shredded and converted into aggregate form. It was mixed with cement and sand, to find out if it has enough compressive strength required for a Paver for footpath application. The objective of the study is to recycle PVC waste mechanically. Specifically, it attempted to minimize waste by recycling PVC waste materials by shredding; mix PVC aggregates with cement and sand to produce a Paver, and use the Pavers for exterior flooring in some areas on the campus. The study would like to assess the result of the paver with the standard mixture of 1:2:3 (cement+sand+gravel) and with the new mixture of 1:2:3 (cement+sand+pvc aggregate). It utilized five samples of every mixture to be tested for compressive strength, weight, cost, thermal conductivity acceptability, and fall test. The study utilized the technical methods of research. This is applied research aimed at providing a solution to an individual problem technically. In this study, the researcher used PVC scraps which were made into aggregates by using a shredding machine. The aggregates were mixed with cement and sand to produce a Paver. The results showed that using the new mixture of 1:2:3 (cement+sand+pvc aggregate) is moderately acceptable regarding appearance and it is highly acceptable regarding cost.
Paper ID: 10A18A
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Ahmad Farmahini Farahani (Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN)
Fathollah Moztarzadeh (Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN)
Mohsen Bahrami (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IRAN)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.246
Keywords: Mega trends analysis; Energy trends; Oil industry trends; Technology trends; Global energy trends.
Abstract
The world of energy is an infrastructure for all global activities having instantaneous changes. In this paper, global mega trends, especially in the field of technology have been reviewed and then identification and analysis mega trends in the energy field have been identified and analyzed. This field includes a vast basis for energy portfolio, including oil, gas, coal, wind, solar, water, and so on. Energy mega trends have widespread effects on energy policies. Hence, the effects of these mega trends on the oil industry and the related challenges have been investigated and some solutions have been proposed face with these challenges and changes. In the project of World International Organization, fifteen challenges regarding global mega trends have been introduced in the field of energy, related to supply and demands changes and cultural, social and economic issues, which all of them analyzed with consensus of distinguished experts and described in this paper.
Paper ID: 10A18B
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Mazhar Abbas (Center for Global Studies and Center for History of Global Development, College of Liberal Arts, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, CHINA and Department of History and Pakistan Studies, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 PAKISTAN)
Sabahat Jaleel (Department of Basic Science and Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, 47080, PAKISTAN)
Samma Faiz Rasool(Postdoctoral Station of Statistical, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Institute, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 CHINA)
Muhammad Zohaib (University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, PAKISTAN)
Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Land Management, History, Law, State Management)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.247
Keywords: Landed aristocracy; Legislative framework; National Assembly; Katchi Abadis; Landed class; Land reforms; Pakistan Peoples' Party (PPP).
Abstract
This paper analyzes to what extent the elected landed interests influenced the legislative process at the national level in Pakistan during the premiership of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (1972-1977). Interestingly, in contrast to his promise of curtailing the power of the landed aristocracy, a large number of members of his party, Pakistan Peoples' Party (PPP), as well as National Assembly of Pakistan was landed aristocrats. An analysis of the debates of the National Assembly reveals that these aristocrats played a significant role in improving the plight of the poor people through legislation at the national level. Besides introducing land reforms to decrease the influence of the landed class, these legislations gave property rights to the people living in Katchi Abadis.
Paper ID: 10A18C
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I. M. Kulikov(All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (ARHIBAN) Moskov, Zagoryevskaya st. d. 4, 115598, Russian Federation),
A. N. Semin (Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation 620144, Ekaterinburg, 7, University lane, room 4207, +7 (343) 251072),
M. M. Kislitskiy (All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Production, Labor and Management in Agriculture - a Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Territories - All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics» Khoroshevskoe highway, 35, building 2, 123007, Moscow, Russian Federation)
E. A. Strelka (Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.248
Keywords: Rural territories; Management; Economics; Production processes transformation; Rural development; Development planning; Technological shifts; Agriculture development; Digital technologies; Agro-development.
Abstract
The digitalization of control systems is associated with structural technological transformations of production processes and the functioning of the social sphere. Like other sectors of the economy, agriculture is undergoing structural and technological shifts, and with them a permanent global crisis. The purpose of the study is to develop part of the scientific foundations of the theory of structural and technological shifts determined by transformational processes in the agro-industrial complex and rural areas of Russia. The objectives of the study: analysis of the essence of relations arising in the process of strategic planning for the development of rural areas of Russia; characteristics of the use of digital technologies in the management of agriculture and rural areas; determination of indicators reflecting structural and technological transformations of agricultural organizations and agribusiness. The article presents the results of sociological studies conducted by the authors to assess the possibilities for managing the socio-economic development of a rural settlement in Russia and the importance of hard and soft management factors for Russian agricultural organizations.
Paper ID: 10A18D
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Lee Han Lin, Jestin Nordin, Ahmad Sanusi Hassan and Yasser Arab (School of Housing, Building & Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.249
Keywords: Urban design elements; Historical characters; Lynch'™s elements; Traditional fishing villages; Traditional houses; Sustainable urban development.
Abstract
The city of Georgetown, located in the north-east tip of Penang Island, has rapidly economically and socially grown tremendously over the past 60 years. The clan jetties locating the traditional fishing villages is one of the important contributing factor for the overall urban planning in Penang. After the modern port were built in the 1970s only clan 6 jetties out of 12 remained exist on the waterfront. The information were collected through survey, observation, interview, simulation, internet, etc. The study found that the planning patterns of the fishing villages waterfront is an outward water village concept. The clan jetties can be easily recognized by the visitors because of its well-planning. However, sadly the traditional uses, and culture of the clan jetties communities are now affected by the impact of growing tourism and commercialization. Finding from this research shows that mostly the developed and successful cities were once started from a fishing village that grows into a port area. A well-planned of urban design elements plays an important roles to ensure sustainable urban development.
Paper ID: 10A18E
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Nikita Vladimirovich Rahmatullin, Gulshat Talgatovna Guzelbaeva(Institute of Management, Economics and Finance Kazan Federal University, Kazan, RUSSIA)
Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Information Technology, Economic Management, Law)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.250
Keywords: IT-Audit; eAudit; Financial Statements; Market Economy; Audit Services; Auditing Activity; Macroeconomics; Russian business audit.
Abstract
This article deals with the essence of digital auditing as a factor in business efficiency, as well as the relevance of conducting an audit of organizations and the provision of various services related to an audit to the latter. The article also uses excerpts from the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 307-F3 dated December 30, 2008 "On Auditing Activity", provides the audit feature as a control function and its main difference from direct control, reveals the importance of auditing as an economic category on macro- and microeconomic level, a list of audit services. Also, this article reveals the main types of audits used nowadays in different commercial companies (financial/investment audit, industrial audit, personnel audit, PR-audit, environmental audit) and provides characteristics to each of them. The last thing provided by the article is the main features of audit perception in the Russian Federation and the way the auditing profession develops in Russia.
Paper ID: 10A18F
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Muhammad Mansoor (Department of Business Administration, Foundation University Islamabad, PAKISTAN),
Nazima Ellahi, Qaiser Malik (Department of Economics & Finance, Faculty of Management Sciences, Foundation University Islamabad, PAKISTAN)
Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Business Administration, Statistics, Financial Sciences).
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.251
Keywords: Investment Decision, Pakistan Stock Exchange, Panel Regression, Emerging Markets.
Abstract
Shariah Governance in Islamic banks is most essential characteristics which differentiates Islamic banking from conventional banking. The study objective is to confirm that the not only corporate governance attributes but Shariah board attributes also affect credit rating in Islamic banks. The study collects the data for the period 2013-2017 of Pakistan Islamic banks and develops the three different models. This study used Long term credit rating scale used by Ashbaugh-Skaife, Collins, and LaFond (2006). The study used ordered logit Model which results shows long term credit rating and short term credit rating are associated with governance attributes and Shariah board attributes. The study concluded that Credit rating agencies in Pakistan i.e. PACRA and JC-VIS and other International Credit rating agencies including Fitch, Moody and Standard & Poor's must give weightage to Shariah governance attributes in the evaluation of credit rating procedure.
Paper ID: 10A18G
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Shmyrin Anatoly Mikhailovich (Department of Higher Mathematics, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, RUSSIA)
Lukyanova Elena Aleksandrovna (Department of Algebra and Functional Analysis, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, RUSSIA)
Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Mathematics, Simulation Software, Computer Programming).
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.252
Keywords: Petri net; Petri models of complex systems; Model component; Complex systems simulation; reduction; C# (C-Sharp) language.
Abstract
Mathematical modeling is a common tool for the study of complex systems. As a formal model for obtaining the most complete information about the system, the formalism of Petri nets is productively used. In doing so, simulated systems can relate to various application areas. Almost any real complex system, as a rule, consists of several or many objects interacting with each other. Therefore, when constructing Petri models of systems and large objects, it is necessary to solve the problem of the exponential growth of the space of the model state. This problem can be solved by developing compression algorithms for the test set of states while maintaining the correctness and adequacy of the model. This work is devoted to the development of a mathematical basis for the software implementation of the determination of structural parts - constituent components in Petri models of complex systems. Thus the paper considers the transformation of Petri models, which results in a reduction of the original model of a complex system. It has been established that this transformation is an epimorphism. An algorithm has been developed that allows us to determine structural parts in Petri models of complex systems.
Paper ID: 10A18H
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Lysenko Julia Valentinovna a(Department of Economics, Management, and Law, South Ural State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University (CSPU), Chelyabinsk, Russia)
Razorvin Ivan Vasil'evich (Department of Economics and Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Ekaterinburg, Russia)
Fedorov Mikhail Vasil'evich (Department of Environmental Economics, Ural State University of Economics, Ekaterinburg, Russia)
Lysenko Maxim Valentinovich (Department of Economics, Management, and Law, South Ural State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University (CSPU), Chelyabinsk, Russia)
Maslakov Victor Viktorovich (Research Institute of Food Security and Ecology, Ural State Agrarian University, Russia)
Terekhova Olga Evgenievna (Department of Accounting and Auditing, Ural State Agrarian University, Ekaterinburg, Russia)
Disciplinary: Economic Sciences.
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.253
Keywords: Regression model; Financial efficiency; Financial stability; Financial concept; Leverage optimization; Return on equity; Capital intensity; Investment profit; Financial optimization.
Abstract
This article applies, examines, and develops the strategy of optimizing the capital structure via regression models of an agricultural company. This study focuses on a concept that includes the principle of efficient use of equity, its profitability; the principle of efficient use of borrowed capital; the principle of balancing the sources of financing the company. A factor analysis of capital profitability, an assessment of the financial stability of the company, as well as a vertical and horizontal analysis of reporting were carried out. The factors that affect the optimization of leverage were considered, and the capital structure was optimized according to the criterion of maximizing the return on equity. For data reliability, when choosing the optimal source of financing, we evaluated quantitative and qualitative indicators of resource availability using a qualitative and quantitative analysis of financing channels. The capital structure was optimized according to the criterion of minimizing the level of financial risks. The concept of optimizing the capital structure through the implementation of the existing production lines in the company's activities has been developed, which emphasizes the benefits of using equity and debt. It is concluded that the procedures, based on regression models the capital structure optimization for agricultural production companies, can be recommended for practical use.
Paper ID: 10A18I
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Ishtiaq Ahmad (Department of Economics, RYK Campus, Islamia University Bahawalpur, PAKISTAN)
Mussawar Hussain Bukhari (Department of Political Science, Islamia University Bahawalpur, PAKISTAN)
Muhammad Azhar (Department of Political Science & International Relations, GC University, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN)
Shahbaz Ali Khan (Department of Political Science, Islamia University Bahawalpur, PAKISTAN)
Disciplinary: Multidisciplinary (Economics, Financial Engineering, Environmental Policy/Management).
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.254
Keywords: Sustainable development index (SDI); FDI; Environment, Social Sector Development; Time Series.
Abstract
This study aims to measure the sustainable development index (SDI) in Pakistan and to explore the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) for sustainable development (SD). For measuring SDI thirteen traditional indicators of SDI, are utilized. After normalizing each variable and considering its relationship with SD, the index is constructed by averaging. Then time series analysis from 1980-2016, is used to find out the relationship between FDI and SDI along with exploring strength of the relationship by decomposing SDI into major components of economic, social and environmental. The study concludes that SD in Pakistan is not impressive while showing stagnant and volatile performance. It is further observed that relevance of FDI is slightly optimistic not only with SD but also with its components. This study also highlights that FDI could only be positive if utilized under controlled atmosphere of pro-sustainable public policies and affirms prudent utilization of FDI for SD.
Paper ID: 10A18J
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Oksana V. Moshchenko (Department of Accounting, Analysis and Audit, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Russia, 125993, Moscow, Leningradsky Avenue, 49, RUSSIA)
Aleksandr V. Smetanko, Elena V. Glushko (V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, 295024, Simferopol, Sevastopolskaya street, 21/4; RUSSIA)
Olga Yu. Gavel, Garry A. Kashper (Department of Accounting, Analysis and Audit, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Russia, 125993, Moscow, Leningradsky Avenue, 49, RUSSIA)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.255
Keywords: Companies' financial statements; Advantages of time and structural analysis; Company's economic situation; Financial analysis; Structural analysis; Time analysis; Current assets; growth rate; Fuel and energy sector; Oil and gas industry.
Abstract
The lack of a comprehensive study of issues related to the analysis of companies financial statements and economic activity, as well as the existence of a number of issues with no sufficient coverage, such as the dynamics of operating assets of fuel and energy companies, which are commonly analyzed on the basis of absolute indicators, not considering their share in company's total assets, makes it impossible to evaluate the dynamics of company's economic situation, including in terms of the lag between structural and temporal analysis. This study aims to develop and test a multimethod ology combining the advantages of time and structural analysis in order to analyze current assets of Russian fuel and energy sector companies. The article examines the shortcomings of the existing economic analysis methods and proposes a methodology for analyzing the companies' financial statements (index analysis). The analytical tools and methods for visualizing the results are described. The approach has been tested at random values in order to increase representativeness. An analysis of Russian fuel and energy companies' current assets served as a basis for testing the developed theoretical and methodological provisions. The causes of the dynamism of current assets components in the period from 2013 to 2017 have been identified. The advantages and disadvantages of the developed approach are listed. Based on the results of testing, this approach can be considered as applicable to Russian companies reporting.
Paper ID: 10A18K
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Adel Aleksandrovich Daryakin, Ainur Airatovich Murtazin, Yadgar Danilovich Valeev (Department of Financial Markets and Financial Institutions, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, RUSSIA)
Aliya Serdarovna Abdullaeva ( Institute of Management, Economics and Finance, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, RUSSIA)
Alexey Igorevich Dudochnikov (Department of Financial Markets and Financial Institutions, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, RUSSIA)
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.256
Keywords: AVS method; Target costing; Kaizen costing; Standard costing; Direct costing.
Abstract
Advanced budgeting combines the advantages of different budgeting concepts, for example, allowing for changes and adjustments to budget forms as in the system of improved budgeting in order to increase the adaptability of the entire planning system to changes in the external environment. The adaptability of the budget planning system to the current needs of the enterprise is achieved by shifting the focus from the expenditure side of the budget towards achieving the planned indicators and taking into account important non-financial performance indicators as in the adaptive budgeting system.
In addition, advanced budgeting involves the ideas of the system outside the budget or outside the budget. However, there is not so much a complete rejection of budgets as optimization of the system of budget forms, changing their set and detailing to the needs of the enterprise and its divisions. The system also used advanced budgeting, rolling forecasts and continuous planning. The most important advantage of the advanced budgeting system is the possibility of its integration with modern methods of cost accounting and analysis. Cost accounting and analysis is an important task of any enterprise for the formation of the cost of its products and the implementation of the production plan in terms of volume, range and quality at the lowest cost. The main purpose of accounting and cost analysis in the enterprise is to manage its cost to optimize the cost structure and reduce costs without compromising product quality. From this study, an important point in this context is the need to distinguish between cost accounting and costing methods and cost analysis methods.
Paper ID: 10A18L
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Akram Zwain, Azizi Bahauddin (School of Housing, Building & Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA )
Disciplinary: Architectural Sciences.
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.257
Keywords: Identity Formation; Place Identity; Traditional Courtyard Shophouse; Cultural Identity; Heritage City; Penang.
Abstract
The interior design formation of a typical Traditional courtyard shophouse is the basic housing typology of George Town Heritage City for many years and is harmonized in its architectural design identity formation. This type of construction clearly shows the influences of the Chinese, Malay, European styles; matured and merged together in response to the local environment. Thus, birthed the UNESCO history and recognition in 2008 Heritage City. Recent renovation on some shophouses has failed to sustain and preserve some of the components that gave birth to the Heritage City and possibly fading away from the architectural identity of the traditional courtyard shophouses. Therefore, the study investigated the interior traditional courtyard shophouses, with the concept of identity formation via case studies of Lot Nos. 3, 5, and 7 Lorang Ikan, built-in 1926 and also in the category of Late Straits Eclectic Style in George Town. A qualitative research approach was adopted to collate data via observation and secondary sources. The findings reveal that the identity of the components in Lot 3, 5 and 7 buildings still reflect the cultural and place identity of the traditional courtyard shophouses and thus, the need to be used as a guideline to remedial others.
Paper ID: 10A18M
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Panida Suppayasan (Graduate School, Western University, Thailand, THAILAND) and
Kritsada Anantakarn (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Uthenthawai Campus, Rajamongala University of Technology Tawan-ok, THAILAND).
Disciplinary: Agricultural Sciences and Technology (Crop Science), Spatial Information Science and Engineering.
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doi: 10.14456/ITJEMAST.2019.274
Keywords: OAE; MODIS; GIS; remote sensing, Land use; Rice cultivation; Second-crop rice; Main-crop rice.
Abstract
Thailand is a developing country that the agricultural sector plays a very important role in the economy. Among all the crops, rice is the main product for domestic use and export. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a major tool for monitoring and forecasting the rice production in the region to minimize the risk of unsuitable crop conditions. The study area focuses on the central of Thailand where higher rice production with two crops annually thanks to the irrigation water available in the region. The Office of Agricultural Economics (OAE) is the government organization for publishing statistical data on Thai agriculture. But the data is updated until the year after while water management and rice market price are required updated and near real-time data. Remote sensing is an updated data source and free of charge information that could be applied to solve this problem. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) data is applied to classify rice crops for both major and second crops. The results of the classification are then compared to the OAE statistics data for accuracy assessment. The rice crop areas are calculated and its attribute data includes growing stages as a major and second crop with its productivity estimation.
Paper ID: 10A18N
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