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:: Vol.4(1) (January 2015)

:: American Transactions on Engineering & Applied Sciences

http://TuEngr.com/ATEAS 
  


ISSN 2229-1652
eISSN 2229-1660

FEATURE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES

A Suitability Comparison among Four Hydroponic Solutions for Growing Lettuce (Lectuca sataiva L. var. green oak)

Radika S. Malawwathanthri (Sustainable Agriculture Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, THAILAND), Sudsaisin Kaewrueng * (Department of Farm Mechanics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, THAILAND ) , Somchai Anusontpornperm (Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, THAILAND ) and Thunya Taychasinpitak (Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, THAILAND)


(optimized for mobile)

Keywords:Nutrient solution; Crop content; NFT system; ANOVA; LSD

Abstract
This study compared the suitability of four hydroponic solutions, solution y commonly used in Sri Lanka, solution x vastly used in Thailand and solution z1 and z2 prepared using solution y, for growing lettuce using Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) system. Due to a lower amount of N in solution y than in solution x, the adjustment of this nutrient in the former solution to half and equal amounts of the latter solution, was done using Ca(NO₃)₂ and KNO₃. During a growing period, all solutions pH was maintained to 6.0-6.5. EC level of the solutions and number of leaves were weekly monitored. Fresh and dry upper ground biomasses were weighed and plant tissue samples were analyzed for the concentration of N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Analysis of variance (ANOVA in SPSS/FW) as completely random design and means among treatments were compared using least significant difference (LSD) and different being tested at 0.05 probability. Result showed that although dry matter yield is similar, growth and development of lettuce was better when grown in solution x than in other three treatments. N and K content in solution x and K content in solution y should be reduced. On the other hand, P content in both solutions should be increased to raise P content in the upper ground biomass up to normal range.


Finite Element Analysis of the Human Middle Ear and an Application for Clinics for Tympanoplasty (Static and Harmonic Vibration Analysis)

Takao HIGASHIMACHI * (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, JAPAN), and Ryuzo TORIYA (Toriya ENT Clinic, JAPAN  )


(optimized for mobile)

Keywords: Geometric model; FEM; Vibration analysis; Human middle ear; Auditory ossicles; Hearing ability; Columella

Abstract
We have already proposed a method for estimating the hearing restoration effect of the tympanoplasty operation using three-dimensional finite element static analysis (Higashimachi et al., 2013). In this study, the restoration effect of the operation using the columella instead of the broken incus was estimated. The shape, mounting position to the malleus，and the material of the columella were variously altered in the analysis. It was ascertained that hearing recovery of about 92% could be expected. Furthermore, harmonic vibration analysis of the middle ear’s ability to receive sound pressure was carried out in order to obtain the frequency response characteristics. It was determined that hearing recovery of about 98% could be expected. From the viewpoint of the static and dynamic analyses, it was proven that prediction of a hearing restoration effect was possible by our method, which made the displacement of the stapes basal plane to be a standard. These results are appropriate from a clinical viewpoint.


Management of Garbage Problems with Participation of the 21 Dormitory Buildings' Community

Krittiya Lertpocasombut *, Boonsap Witchayangkoon and Sayan Sirimontree (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, THAILAND  )


(optimized for mobile)

Keywords: Community participation; Questionnaire survey; Dormitory resident; Solid waste; Study area.

Abstract
When the community grew as the population increased, it was resulted in waste increased. The problems of solid waste affect the environment and people's health. The study area of a community of 21 dormitory buildings near Thammasat University Rangsit Campus, the residential area has found rubbish overload from the tank waste, provoked smell and being a source of disease carriers such as rats and roaches. For this reason, the residents should bear in dealing with solid waste that occurs without dependence on government unilaterally in waste disposal. In addition, the rapid growth in the number of dormitories surrounding Thammasat University Rangsit Campus has ignited in an attempt to fix the problem, garbage overload. Questionnaire survey of the residents showed up with a random sampling method. The residents who live in buildings affected by high, medium, and low impacts of garbage overload tanks are chose for surveying questionnaire. In addition, the store owners and the manager of the buildings are surveyed to find out their opinions and recommendations on garbage campaign management. The results showed that most of the residents had been not satisfied with the management of garbage disposal. They would like to have an exchange of solid waste recycling as a reward rather than in cash and are willing to cooperate with the campaigns when they could earn some kind benefits.


Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Column via Ferrocement Jacketing

Sayan Sirimontree * , Boonsap Witchayangkoon and Krittiya Lertpocasombut (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, THAILAND  )


(optimized for mobile)

Keywords: Ferro cement; strength; Ductility; ACI; wire mesh; cement mortar; steel rebar.

Abstract
This work focuses on behaviors of reinforced concrete (RC) column encased by longitudinal steel and ferro cement under static axially loading. RC column specimens are encased by vertical steel reinforcements, wrapped by varying amount of wire mesh and then covered with cement mortar. The results show significantly improvement of strength and ductility of strengthened column over reference column without strengthening. Ductility is also significantly improved by the increase of the volume of wire mesh. ACI equation for prediction of strength of short axially loaded RC column can be applied to predict strength of both reference and strengthened column.


Estimation of Unconfined Compressive Strength by Spatial Interpolation Using Non-Geostatistical Methods and Artificial Neural Networks

Thongchai Phothong, and Boonsap Witchayangkoon * (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, THAILAND  )


(optimized for mobile)

Keywords: soil engineering properties; soil testing; ANN .

Abstract
This study applies spatial interpolation to estimate soil engineering properties by using previous information in the neighborhood areas. This study focuses on soft clayey Bangkok soil data in the Bangkok Thailand. The non-geostatistic and artificial neural networks (ANN) methods are compared to estimate unconfined compressive strength of soil. The non-geostatistics are inverse distance weighted, triangulation, natural neighbor, b-spline approximation, cubic spline approximation, global thin plate spline, local thin plate spline and thin plate spline. For this study, ANN is the four layers feed forward neural networks with error back-propagation learning. From the computation with the testing data, the cubic spline approximation gives the lowest RMSE. ANN is also applicable with more input data.

Previous: Vol 3(4) October 2014 ......... Next: Vol 4(2) April 2015

Call-for-Papers
Call-for-Scientific Papers
Call-for-Research Papers: ATEAS invites you to submit high quality papers for full peer-review and possible publication in areas pertaining engineering, science, management and technology, especially interdisciplinary/cross-disciplinary/multidisciplinary subjects.

To publish your work in the next available issue, your manuscripts together with copyright transfer document signed by all authors  can be submitted via email to Eic @ TuEngr.com (no space between). (please see all detail from Instructions for Authors)


Publication and peer-reviewed process:
After the peer-review process (4-10 weeks), articles will be on-line published in the available next issue.  However, the American Transactions on Engineering, & Applied Sciences  cannot guarantee the exact publication time as the process may take longer time, subject to peer-review approval and adjustment of the submitted articles.